Effect of Acupressure in The Management of Postmenopausal Constipation

Constipation is prevalent in menopause, affecting 4-29% of women globally, and can lead to serious complications like hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and colorectal cancer. While laxatives can help, long-term use may cause dependency and side effects. Alternative therapies are needed.

Deep breathing, particularly diaphragmatic breathing, may improve constipation by activating the parasympathetic system and promoting relaxation. Acupressure has also shown potential in managing constipation by stimulating intestinal activity, improving blood circulation, and regulating Qi flow.

Despite existing studies on acupressure and constipation, no research has specifically examined its effect on postmenopausal women. This study aims to investigate acupressure's impact on functional constipation in this population, offering potential insights for non-pharmacological management.

Inclusion criteria

• Sixty postmenopausal women who were clinically diagnosed as having functional constipation after menopause (at least one year after the stoppage of the last menstrual cycle)
• Their ages ranged from 50 to 60 years old.
• Their body mass index didn't exceed 30 kg/m2.
• All of them should have at least two criteria of Rome III diagnostic criteria of constipation.
• They should stop laxatives intake during the treatment program.

Exclusion criteria

• Irritable bowel syndrome or anal fissures.
• Genital organ prolapse as rectocele.
• Any neurological diseases, spinal diseases or spinal deformities.
• History of bowel surgery.
• Congenital anorectal malformation, stoma in situ.
• Diabetes mellitus and sever distal venous insufficiency.
• Skin eruption at the site of stimulation.
• Implanted pacemaker or defibrillator.
• Metalic implant in lower limb.
• Recent surgery at the lower limb.
• Peripheral neuropathy and neurological disorders.
• Psychological distress.