Effect of Active Cycle Breathing Technique Along With Incentive Spirometer on COVID19 Patient

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new coronavirus that emerged in 2019 and causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Individuals with COVID-19 can present with an influenza-like illness and respiratory tract infection demonstrating fever (89%),cough (68%), fatigue (38%), sputum production (34%) and/or shortness of breath (19%). The spectrum of disease severity ranges from asymptomatic infection or mild upper respiratory tract illness through to severe viral pneumonia with respiratory failure and/or death. Current reports estimate that 80% of cases are asymptomatic or mild; 15% of cases are severe (infection requiring oxygen); and 5% are critical, requiring ventilation and life support. Based on emerging data, individuals at the highest risk of developing severe COVID-19 disease requiring hospitalization and/or ICU support are those who are older, male, have at least one co-existing comorbidity, elevated D-dimer levels, and/or lymphocytopenia. Active cycle breathing techniques (ACBT) is a cycle of techniques consisting of breathing control, lower thoracic expansion exercises and the forced expiration technique modifiable to individual patients. It assists bronchial clearance by enhancing mucociliary clearance whilst reducing adverse effects such as hypoxemia or increased airflow obstruction. Incentive spirometry (IS) is a type of deep breathing exercise that is widely used for lung expansion and the prevention of pulmonary complications in children, adults, and the elderly. IS is used to encourage the patient to inhale to lung capacity through maximal inspiration aided with visual feedback. These maneuvers increase transpulmonary pressure and therefore increase chest-wall volume.one hundred patients will be allocated randomly to two groups; one group will receive active cycle breathing with an incentive spirometer and the other will receive active cycle breathing

Inclusion criteria

• Ages from 45-75 years old
• COVID-19 patients with SpO2 > 85
• oxygen face Mask or a reservoir mask

Exclusion criteria

• Mechanically ventilated,
• Cancer,
• Chronic respiratory disease (defined as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease),
• End-stage renal disease,
• Liver disease (defined as compensated/decompensated liver cirrhosis),
• Chronic neurological disease (defined as previous neurological disease),
• Chronic cardiovascular disease,
• Active smoker