EEG Spectrogram, Brain Vulnerability and POD

Postoperative delirium in older people may be contributed to by intrinsic brain vulnerability such as pre-existing dementia. Some cognitively intact older people also experience postoperative delirium and in these patients some go on to develop later dementia. The investigators propose that postoperative delirium may be an unmasking of covert brain vulnerability by the dyshomeostasis of the anaesthesia/surgical intervention.

In people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment, electroencephalography (EEG) studies have shown slowing of brain wave activity, especially in the back of the brain.

Processed electroencephalography, using a limited number of channels, is routinely used during anaesthesia to aid assessment of anaesthetic depth of the patient.

In this study the investigators will assess the feasibility of acquiring EEG data from the front and back of the brain. The investigators will also explore the data for early signals of brain vulnerability

Inclusion criteria

• ≥ 65 years old
• Elective, moderate/major, non-neuro, non-cardiac surgery
• Ability to give informed consent

Exclusion criteria

• Preoperative cognitive impairment
• Current systemic infection
• Current use of medication that may modify EEG
• History of neurosurgery/significant head trauma
• Presence of neurological diseases including overt stroke, dementia, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, intracranial tumours and other significant neurologic disorders
• Current significant psychiatric conditions such as severe depression.
• Palliative surgery