Education Program for Caregivers of Children With Gross Motor Delays

Parent understanding of child development will be measured using a 24-item questionnaire with true/false and multiple choice questions. Total scores range from 0 to 24 and higher scores indicate better understanding of child development.

Progression in specific developmental goals will be measured qualitatively by asking parents what their motor goals are for their child at the baseline assessment and asking what improvement have been made for those goals following completion of the intervention. A score is not calculated for this assessment.

Progression in child's developmental goals are measured with administration of the Gross Motor Subdomain of the DAYC-2 instrument. Children are assessed on age appropriate gross motor skills and items receive a score of 1 if the child exhibits the skill or a score of 0 if the skill is not exhibited or is exhibited inconsistently. The number of items varies based on the age of the child. Raw scores are standardized and the standardized scores correspond with a descriptive term, where scores less than 70 = Very Poor, scores of 70-79 = Poor, scores of 80-89 = Below Average, scores of 90-110 = Average, scores of 111-120 = above average, scores of 121-130 = superior, and scores greater than 130 are Very Superior.

To assess parental stress, the PSI-4-SF yields scores on the following subscales: 1) Parental Distress, 2) Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction, and 3) Difficult Child. The instrument has 36 items which are responded to on a 5-point scale ranging from Strongly Agree to Strongly Disagree. A Total Stress Score is obtained by combining the subscales. The software to score the PSI-4-SF provides a percentile score. Percentile scores between 16 and 84% are considered normal stress, while scores of 85-89% indicate high stress and scores of 90% or higher indicate stress levels that may be clinically significant.

The Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS) is an 8-item questionnaire in which the mother/caregiver self-reports her feelings towards her baby. Responses are given on a 4-point scale where 0 = not at all and 3 = very much. Total scores range from 0 to 24 and some items are reversed scored so that higher scores indicate worse bonding between mother and infant.

Attitude towards parenting is measured using the Perceived Maternal Parenting Self-Efficacy (PMP S-E) instrument. The PMP S-E is a 20-item Likert scale survey asking parents to rate personal importance/value of parenting and confidence in parenting choices. Responses are given on a 4-point scale where 1 = strongly disagree and 4 = strongly agree. Total scores range from 20 to 80 and higher scores indicate greater parenting self-efficacy.

Parent satisfaction with the program will be assessed with weekly surveys asking participants to respond to 15 statements to measure how well they liked the content and delivery method of the educational modules. Responses are given on a 5-point scale where 1 = strongly disagree and 5 = strongly agree. Total scores range from 15 to 75, where higher scores indicate greater satisfaction with the learning content.

Parent satisfaction with the program will be assessed qualitatively through facilitated discussions at the conclusion of the intervention period. This assessment of satisfaction is not measured quantitatively and a score is not calculated.