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NCT Number: NCT07452887

Education and Mobile Reminder Program for Foot Self-Care in Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with systemic, acute and chronic complications whose prevalence is increasing all over the world and in our country (Satman et al. 2013). The prevalence of diabetes all over the world and in Turkey is increasing day by day and this situation is becoming an important public health problem (Aytemur and Vardar İnkaya 2022). Diabetic foot is an important complication that causes organ loss, affects individuals mentally, physically, socially and economically, and requires frequent hospitalization and surgical intervention (Danmusa et al. 2016, Kalaycı et al. 2020). In the prevention of diabetes, it is necessary to raise awareness and gain healthy lifestyle behaviors. This study aims to increase foot self-care behaviors, diabetes management self-efficacy and quality of life of individuals with type 2 diabetes with the education program and reminder mobile applications.

Active, Not Recruiting

This study is active but is not currently recruiting participants.

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Key information

Conditions

Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Foot Diabetic Foot Care Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Endocrine System Diseases Glucose Metabolism Disorders Metabolic Diseases Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Age range

18 year–65 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Hospital

Konya, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with significant morbidity and mortality, including diabetic foot complications that may lead to infection, ulceration, and amputation. Effective foot self-care behaviors are essential to prevent these complications. However, many individuals with T2DM demonstrate insufficient knowledge and adherence to recommended self-care practices.

This randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured education program combined with mobile reminder messages on foot self-care behaviors, diabetes management self-efficacy, and quality of life in individuals with T2DM.

Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group received a structured diabetes foot care education program and regular reminder messages delivered through mobile communication. The control group received standard care according to routine clinical practice.

Data were collected at baseline and during follow-up assessments. The primary outcome measure was foot self-care behavior. Secondary outcomes included diabetes management self-efficacy and quality of life. Validated measurement tools were used for all assessments.

The results of this study are expected to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of education and mobile reminder interventions in improving self-care behaviors and preventing diabetes-related foot complications.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Adults aged 18-65 years
  • Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
  • Able to read and understand Turkish
  • Owns a smartphone and uses WhatsApp
  • Provides written informed consent

Exclusion criteria

  • Exclusion Criteria:
  • Type 1 diabetes or gestational diabetes
  • Severe cognitive impairment or psychiatric disorder
  • Active diabetic foot ulcer requiring hospitalization
  • Participation in another structured diabetes education program within the last 6 months

Treatment and study plan

Diabetes Education and Mobile Reminder Program

Behavioral

Participants in the intervention group receive a structured diabetes education program focusing on foot self-care behaviors, diabetes self-management, and prevention of foot complications. The education is delivered through scheduled face-to-face training sessions supported by educational materials. In addition, participants receive regular mobile reminder messages via a mobile application designed to reinforce self-care practices, medication adherence, daily foot inspection, and lifestyle modification. The mobile reminders are delivered multiple times per week throughout the study period to enhance behavioral adherence and self-efficacy.

Usual Care

Behavioral

Four-session education on diabetes and diabetic foot care, plus WhatsApp group reminders (texts/brochures/videos) and periodic private reminder messages; includes a home visit and provision of a foot-care kit; follow-up for 6 months.

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in Diabetes Foot Self-Care Behavior Score

    Time frame: Baseline to 6 months

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Selma Sahin

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The Effect of Educatıonal Program and Remınder Mobıle Applıcatıons on Foot Self-Care Behavıors, Dıabetes Management Self-Effectıveness and Qualıty of Lıfe in Type 2 Dıabetes: A Randomızed Controlled Study

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2027
Study completion
2027
First posted
Mar 5, 2026
Registry last updated
Mar 5, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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