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Completed

NCT Number: NCT05780008

Eat My ABCs Project

Evaluate the effects of the "Eat My ABCs" program on improving Head Start preschoolers' eating behavior and anthropometric properties (BMI, percent body fat).

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Key information

Age range

3 year–5 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Phase 2 / Phase 3

Primary location

Northeast Michigan Community Service Agency, Alpena, Michigan, United States

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About this study

The 14-week, community-led, program, aimed to establish lifelong healthy eating habits among vulnerable low-income preschoolers living in rural Michigan, includes three main components: (1) "Eat My ABCs" child curriculum, (2) child fruit/vegetable letters to parents, and (3) program cookbook.

"Eat My ABCs" Child Curriculum. Head Start teachers, along with teacher assistants/aids, will independently teach the age appropriate "Eat My ABCs" curriculum per week, for a total of 14 weeks. The "Eat My ABCs" curriculum follows the alphabet theme and incorporates the five senses into learning (hear fruit and vegetable information, see the color, feel the texture, smell the scent, and taste the flavor). Each week includes two sessions: 1) healthy eating learning on one fruit and one vegetable by incorporating school readiness knowledge on numbers, shapes, colors, and alphabets; and 2) food taste-testing activities to expose children to one fruit, one vegetable, and relevant food items made from the one fruit and one vegetable to teach children the creative ways to make fruit/vegetable healthy and tasty.

Child Letter to Parents. Every week, each child will create one letter, using stickers, regarding the one fruit and one vegetable presented in the program that he/she tasted or wanted to try at home.

Program Cookbook. The investigators have developed a targeted program cookbook for low-income families to overcome their limited cooking skills, busy schedules, and tight family budget. The program cookbook contains all budget-friendly recipes for healthy breakfasts, family meals, quick-fixes, kid-friendly snacks, and occasional sweets; and these recipes are culturally appropriate with a variety of choices such as American, Italian, Mexican, and Asian cuisines. In the cookbook, the investigators also promote slow /pressure-cooking recipes as using a slow or pressure cooker to prepare easy but healthy meals is an effective way to overcome low-income parent barriers of lack of time and cooking skills. In addition, the cookbook contains creative ways of making fruit/vegetable healthy, tasty, and kid-friendly at home.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Any preschoolers aged 3-5 years old from the participating daycare classrooms.
  • Having parental consent.

Exclusion criteria

  • None

Treatment and study plan

Eat My ABCs

Behavioral

The "Eat My ABCs" curriculum incorporates senses into learning (hear, see, smell, taste) and includes two sessions/week: 1) healthy eating learning; and 2) mindful food taste-testing activities to expose children to the one fruit, one vegetable, and relevant food items made from the one fruit and one vegetable to teach children the creative ways to make fruit/vegetable healthy and tasty.

Child Letter to Parents. Every week, each child will create one letter, using stickers, regarding the one fruit and one vegetable presented in the program that he/she tasted or wanted to try at home.

Program Cookbook. The investigators have developed a targeted program cookbook for low-income families. The program cookbook contains all budget-friendly recipes for healthy breakfasts, family meals, quick-fixes, kid-friendly snacks, and occasional sweets. In addition, the cookbook contains creative ways of making fruit/vegetable healthy, tasty, and kid-friendly at home.

Primary outcomes

  1. Child's BMI

    Time frame: Change from week 0 (Time 1) to week 15 (Time 2)

    Height will be measured to the nearest 0.1cm using the Shorr board, and weight will be measured to the nearest 0.1kg using the Seca 874 scale or the BF-689 body fat/body water monitor. The online SAS program for Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Growth Charts was applied to calculate preschoolers' BMI for age and sex.

  2. Percent body fat

    Time frame: Change from week 0 (Time 1) to week 15 (Time 2)

    Percent body fat will be measured to the nearest 0.1% using the BF-689 body fat/body water monitor. Each participant's biological sex, age, and height in cm were entered into the monitor for measuring % body fat. Trained data collectors then instructed participants to step onto the monitor surface and align feet with the four electrodes.

  3. Skin carotenoids

    Time frame: Change from week 0 (Time 1) to week 15 (Time 2)

    An instrument called the Veggie Meter® will be utilized to assess skin carotenoids as an indicator for fruit/vegetable intake. To assess skin carotenoids in this study, each participant's non-dominant index finger will be used, and the average of three scans will be recorded as the final score.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Parent fruit/vegetable/fiber intake

    Time frame: Change from week 0 (Time 1) to week 15 (Time 2)

    The 10-item Block Dietary Fruit/Vegetable/Fiber Screener will be used to assess parents' fruit/vegetable/fiber intake. A total score (range 0-50) will be calculated with a higher score indicating a higher intake of fruits and vegetables.

  2. Household food insecurity

    Time frame: Change from week 0 (Time 1) to week 15 (Time 2)

    The U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module (19 questions) will be used. A total score (range 0-18) will be calculated with a higher score indicating a lower household food security.

  3. Parental feeding skills

    Time frame: Change from week 0 (Time 1) to week 15 (Time 2)

    The Child Feeding Questionnaire (33 questions) will be used. Mean score (range 1-5) will be calculated for seven subscales including perceived responsibility for child feeding, perceived parent weight status, perceived child weight status, concerns about child weight, restriction of child's access to food, pressure to ask child to eat more food, and monitoring of child's eating. A higher mean score indicating a higher perceived feeding attitudes, beliefs, and practices.

  4. Parental food resource management behavior

    Time frame: Change from week 0 (Time 1) to week 15 (Time 2)

    The 9-item Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program Checklist will be used. A mean score (range 1-5) will be calculated with a higher mean score indicating a higher parental food resource management behavior.

  5. Home eating environment

    Time frame: Change from week 0 (Time 1) to week 15 (Time 2)

    The 10-item Family Nutrition and Physical Activity Screening Tool will be used. A total score (range 10-40) will be calculated with a higher score indicating a healthier home eating environment.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Michigan State University

Other

Collaborators

  • Michigan Health Endowment Fund

Registry information

Official study title

Eat My ABCs: Integrate Healthy Eating Into School Readiness

Important dates

Study start
2023
Primary completion
2024
Study completion
2024
First posted
Mar 22, 2023
Registry last updated
Jun 7, 2024

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

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This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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