Early Oral Carbohydrate Solution vs Clear Liquid Diet in Acute Pancreatitis

Background:

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory condition associated with increased metabolic demands and negative nitrogen balance, making early nutritional support a critical component of management. Concentional practice favored prolonged fasting and delayed oral intake; however, recent evidence supports early oral feeding. Oral carbohydrate solutions (OCS) may provide early caloric support with minimal pancreatic stimulation, but data comparing OCS with clear liquid (CL) diets which is current practice remain limited, particularly in South Asian populations.The Convential diet (CD )group started at liquid diet then progressed towards soft and then solid diet experienced recurring pain at a considerably higher rate than the oral high carbohydrate solution (OCS )group providing essential calories,(13.2% vs. 3.8%, p < 0.001).OCS showed decrease rate of post prandial recurrent abdominal pain.

Objective:

To compare oral carbohydrate solution versus clear liquid diet as the initial oral feeding strategy in patients with acute pancreatitis, focusing on feeding intolerance and length of hospital stay.

Methods:

This prospective randomized controlled trial will be conducted at a tertiary-care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Adult patients (18-70 years) with mild to moderately severe acute pancreatitis will be randomized to receive either an oral carbohydrate solution (10% dextrose in water) or a clear liquid diet as the initial oral feed. The primary outcomes will be feeding intolerance within 24 hours and length of hospital stay. Secondary outcomes include time to successful oral feeding, time to soft diet, changes in pain scores, inflammatory markers (CRP, WBC), glycemic response, need for nutritional escalation, complications, and patient satisfaction. Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 26, with a p-value ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Conclusion:

If proven safe and effective, oral carbohydrate solution may serve as a simple, cost-effective and well-tolerated alternative to clear liquid diets for early oral feeding in acute pancreatitis, particularly in resource limited settings.