Early-Onset Myopia Intervention Project

Inclusion criteria

• Age 3-6 years, gender unrestricted;
• Bilateral cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE) ≤ +0.75 D, astigmatism ≤-2.5 D, anisometropia ≤2.5 D;
• Best corrected visual acuity: ≥0.5 for ages 3-5, ≥0.7 for age 6;
• Accept regular follow-up, written informed consent from guardians, verbal informed consent from children;
• Possess normal thinking and language communication skills, and can actively cooperate to wear spectacles as required.

Exclusion criteria

• Existence of strabismus or amblyopia or other binocular vision abnormalities, accommodation dysfunction, cataract and history of eye surgery;
• Any ocular or systemic disease that may affect vision and refractive development (e.g., Keratoconus, Marfan syndrome, retinopathy of prematurity, etc.);
• Current or previous use of other treatments for myopia intervention, such as pharmacological (atropine) and optical (orthokeratology lenses or DIMS spectacle lenses) approaches, interrupt use for at least 4 weeks;
• Allergy or contraindication to cycloplegic drugs;
• Epilepsy or other mental disorders unable to expressing consent;
• Other conditions deemed unsuitable for participation by the researcher.