Early Changes in Metabolic Health in Breast Cancer Patients Initiating Endocrine Therapy

Metabolic health, closely tied to overweight and type 2 diabetes, significantly influences disease risks, notably breast cancer. With over 2.5 billion overweight adults globally, the prevalence of associated health concerns is escalating. Breast cancer, the leading cause of female cancer-related mortality, is intricately linked to metabolic factors, including overweight and diabetes, particularly affecting estrogen receptor-positive tumors. Conversely, endocrine therapy as breast cancer treatment can exacerbate metabolic issues, increasing weight gain and the risk of type 2 diabetes. Despite its efficacy in reducing recurrence risk, endocrine therapy is associated with adverse metabolic effects, including elevated cholesterol levels. Estrogen, pivotal in metabolic homeostasis, remains poorly understood in the context of endocrine therapy and metabolic disruptions. This prospective study aims to elucidate this relationship, focusing on the initiation of endocrine therapy, metabolic health, and estradiol levels among early-stage breast cancer patients. Early breast cancer patients initiating endocrine therapy at Aarhus University Hospital from autumn 2024 and six months ahead will be extended an invitation for study participation, with immediate measurements. Metabolic health will be analyzed through weight, hip and waist circumference measurements, blood sugar, cholesterol, and estrogen at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Thorough data collection, including demographics, treatment modalities, and cancer characteristics, ensures a comprehensive understanding of this complex interplay. With 112 projected participants, this study aims to shed light on the intricate connections between endocrine therapy, patient characteristics, and metabolic health changes. Through this comprehensive approach, the investigators aim to enhance patient care and understanding of managing metabolic health alongside breast cancer treatment.

Inclusion criteria

• Age ≥18 years
• Invasive ER+ breast cancer
• No diabetes treatment
• Planned for initiation of any adjuvant endocrine therapy.

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnancy or lactation,
• Psychological, familial, sociological, or geographical conditions potentially hampering compliance with the study protocol and follow-up schedule; these conditions will be discussed with the patient before registration in the trial.