Digital MEDIcal TWIN for the Prediction of Arrhythmic Sudden Cardiac Death After a Myocardial Infarction

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) accounts for 10% of deaths in the general population, with 80% of these cases caused by malignant ventricular arrhythmias. These arrhythmias predominantly occur in individuals with cardiomyopathies, especially those with a history of myocardial infarction (MI). Currently, SCD prevention after a first MI relies on risk stratification based on myocardial contractility, specifically indicating prophylactic cardiac defibrillator implantation for patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 35%. However, this approach is insufficient due to two main reasons:

• Among patients with LVEF ≤ 35%, only a minority (2-5% per year) will experience arrhythmias and benefit from defibrillator implantation, while all face potential serious complications from the device.
• Most SCD cases occur in patients with LVEF > 35%. Although these patients have a lower individual arrhythmia risk (1-2% per year), they represent a substantially larger population at risk, with no stratification within this group.

Emerging evidence suggests that additional parameters (biological markers, cardiac imaging, and electrophysiologic data) can better characterize the arrhythmogenic substrate in patients after their first MI, enabling improved identification of those at risk for arrhythmic SCD.

The primary objective of this study is to develop a multiparametric model that outperforms the current criterion (LVEF < 35%) for predicting the need for cardiac defibrillator implantation in patients presenting with a first myocardial infarction. Clinical data, biological data, imaging data of the scar using CT scan and MRI, and electrophysiological data from 12-lead ECG, 24-hour Holter ECG will be used to establish this multiparametric model. The model will be compared to the current criteria for predicting the occurrence of malignant ventricular arrhythmias (spontaneous during the one-year follow-up or induced by an electrophysiology study at 12 months and 24 months) in this cohort.

Inclusion criteria

• History of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the last 6 months
• Signed informed consent
• Affiliated to or beneficiary of a health insurance

Exclusion criteria

• Renal failure (Creatinine clearance <30 mL/min), or a systemic illness likely to limit survival to <1 year
• Women who are pregnant, lactating, or who are planning to become pregnant within 2 years following her inclusion
• Unable to understand the nature, risks, significance and implications of the clinical investigation or unwilling to provide written informed consent
• Participant under legal protection