Differences in Timely Cancer Diagnosis in African American and Caucasian Patients With Newly Diagnosed Colorectal Cancer

OBJECTIVES:

• Identify and examine the factors that influence appraisal and diagnostic delay by focusing on recognition, perception, communication, and response to pre-diagnosis cancer symptoms in African American and Caucasian patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer.

OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study. Patients are stratified according to race (African-American vs Caucasian) and gender (male vs female).

Patients undergo a 45-60 minute interview to obtain information on variations in symptom perception, assessment, and patient-physician communication process. Patients are assessed by sociodemographic characteristics (i.e, education, gender, age, insurance status, employment status, income, race/ethnicity, and religiosity), information of close confidants (i.e., relationship, family history of cancer, and caregiver/decision-making status), and physician characteristics. Patients are also assessed by the Trust in the Health Care System, DMPQ, RCS, Brief COPE scale, Lukwago Religiosity scale, and RAND Social Support Survey questionnaires.

Patient charts are reviewed to obtain medical data.

Inclusion criteria

• 21 years of age or older
• Cognitively able to participate in an interview
• Diagnosed with Colorectal cancer
• Patient at University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, or Cleveland Clinic Foundation
• diagnosed within 6 months of the scheduled interview
• have no prior history of colon cancer or cancer of any other major organ system
• any stage of cancer
• Patient will have described their symptoms to their PCPs
• Patient will have acted as their own decision maker
• Must be African American or Caucasian

Exclusion criteria

• No disease discovered by previous routine screening or by other unintentional detection procedure (i.e., without symptom appraisal process or communicating specific symptoms to physicians)
• Not living in nursing or assisted living facilities
• Cognitive impairment