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NCT Number: NCT07425873

Differences in Shoulder Girdle Muscles in Young Swimmers

This research aims to examine the effects of different swimming styles (freestyle, breaststroke, butterfly, and backstroke) on the characteristics of the shoulder girdle muscles in young swimmers. Although it is known that shoulder girdle muscles undergo different levels of activation depending on swimming style, studies systematically examining these differences, especially in young swimmers during their developmental years, are limited. Identifying style-based differences in shoulder girdle muscle activation is of great importance for both optimizing training programs and preventing injuries.

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This study is active but is not currently recruiting participants.

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Key information

Conditions

Young People

Age range

12 year–18 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

Istanbul Gelisim University

Istanbul, Avcılar, 34310, Turkey (Türkiye)

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Being between 12-18 years old
  • Having been involved in at least one swimming style for at least 3 years
  • Having participated in at least one competition
  • Obtaining parental consent. Obtaining parental consent.

Exclusion criteria

  • Having undergone any surgery on the shoulder girdle muscles.
  • Having any orthopedic or physical disorder in the shoulder girdle muscles (e.g., frozen shoulder).
  • Participating in another sport besides swimming.

Treatment and study plan

Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.

Other

MyotonPro is used to measure the biomechanical properties of muscle. During measurements, participants will be seated in a chair with back support; bilaterally Biomechanical properties (F - Natural Oscillation Frequency [Hz], characterizing Tone or Tension, S - Dynamic Stiffness [N/m], D - Logarithmic Decrement [relative unit], characterizing Elasticity, R - Mechanical Stress Relaxation Time [ms], C - Ratio of Relaxation and Deformation time [relative unit], characterizing Creep) of the anterior, middle and posterior parts of the deltoid muscle and the upper, middle and lower parts of the trapezius muscle were measured using Myoton PRO. All measurements will be compared statistically according to swimming styles.

Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure.

Other

The measuring tape will be used to measure the swimmers' Right and left arms length (cm) and Arm span (cm). All measurements will be compared statistically according to swimming styles.

Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer.

Other

Passive range of motion of the upper extremity shoulder joint (flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation) will be measured using a digital goniometer. Results will be recorded in degrees (°). All measurements will be compared statistically according to swimming styles.

Primary outcomes

  1. Measuring the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of measurements at 6 weeks.

    bilaterally Biomechanical properties (F - Natural Oscillation Frequency [Hz], characterizing Tone or Tension, S - Dynamic Stiffness [N/m], D - Logarithmic Decrement [relative unit], characterizing Elasticity, R - Mechanical Stress Relaxation Time [ms], C - Ratio of Relaxation and Deformation time [relative unit], characterizing Creep) of the anterior, middle and posterior parts of the deltoid muscle and the upper, middle and lower parts of the trapezius muscle were measured using Myoton PRO.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Measuring the length and range of motion of the upper extremity using a tape measure.

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of measurements at 6 weeks.

    The measuring tape will be used to measure the swimmers' Right and left arms length (cm) and Arm span (cm).

  2. Measuring the length and range of motion of the upper extremity using a digital goniometer.

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of measurements at 6 weeks.

    Passive range of motion of the upper extremity shoulder joint (flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation) will be measured using a digital goniometer. Results will be recorded in degrees (°)

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Istanbul Gelisim University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Examination of Differences in Shoulder Girdle Muscles in Young Swimmers According to Swimming Styles

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Feb 23, 2026
Registry last updated
Mar 27, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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