Differences in Rest, Emotion, and Arousal Modulation in Youth

Average of nightly questions related to bedtime emotion dysregulation, based on Emotion Dysregulation Inventory short form, presented through the nightly sleep diary. The Emotion Dysregulation Inventory short form is 13 questions and scaled using a 5-point scale of "very severe" to "not at all" with higher scores indicating higher endorsement of each item. Average nightly scores range from 1-5. Measured across baseline (2 weeks) and intervention period (2 weeks).

Average of nightly question within the sleep diary related to child's sensory over-responsivity behaviors during bedtime on a scale of 0-100 where larger number indicates more evidence of sensory over-responsivity, 50 indicates typical response, and lower numbers indicate less evidence of sensory over-responsivity. Averages will be collected nightly across baseline (2 weeks) and during the intervention period (2 weeks).

Using reported "start of settling down" from daily sleep diaries and data from the actigraphy watch, sleep onset latency will be calculated and assessed for the child across the 2 week baseline and 2 week intervention period.

Change in sleep efficiency (calculated as a ratio of total sleep time to duration of sleep episode) between baseline and during intervention period

Change in sleep fragmentation index (measure of interruptions or movement during a nocturnal sleep period and is a proxy for restful sleep) calculated using data from the actigraphy watch across baseline and intervention periods.

Caregivers will complete the Sensory Profile-2 at baseline and after the completion of the intervention period. The Sensory Profile-2 includes a total of 86 caregiver-reported questions on a scale of 0 (Does not Apply) to 5 (Almost Always applies) with higher scores indicating more frequent or intense sensory responses. Total scores are broken into quadrants (Seeking, Avoiding, Sensitivity, or Registration) or Sensory and Behavioral sections. Change in sensory processing by quadrant scores, which range from 0 to 95-110, will be examined.

Caregivers will complete the Emotion Dysregulation Inventory at baseline and after the intervention period. The Emotion Dysregulation Inventory is a 13 item, caregiver reported survey that is separated into two subsections: Reactivity and Dysphoria. Questions are answered on a scale of 0 (Not at all) to 4 (Very Severe) with higher scores indicating higher endorsement of reactivity or dysphoria. The total score of the Reactivity subsection ranges from 0-35 and the Dysphoria subsection total score ranges from 0-30. Change in both subsections will be assessed.