Dietary Intervention Detection in the Small Intestine

Inclusion criteria

• 18 to 65 years old
• Healthy
• On no medication, or on stable doses of medications which will not be changed over the course of the study
• Willingness to maintain their usual dietary habits and physical activity
• Willing to discontinue consumption of fermented foods or probiotics (such as kombucha, yogurts with live, active cultures, or probiotic supplements) for the duration of the study.
• Ability to understand and provide informed consent
• Ability and willingness to meet the required schedule and study tasks and interventions
• Willing to fast for at least 8 hours before the 2 intake visits (Visit 1 and Visit 2)

Exclusion criteria

• History of a small intestine obstruction of symptoms of an intermittent small intestine obstruction (i.e., recurrent abdominal pain, distention, nausea and vomiting).
• Pregnant or breastfeeding or planning on becoming pregnant during study timeline.
• Use of other investigational product within 3 months of start of the study.
• Suffering from immune disorders or with possible immune deficient status
• Allergy to soy or milk.
• Prior gastrointestinal surgery which has altered the anatomy of the esophagus, stomach or small or large intestine (exceptions include appendectomy or cholecystectomy more than 3 months prior to enrollment).
• Use of any medications in the previous 7 days that could substantially alter gastrointestinal motor function (e.g. opioids, prokinetics, anticholinergics, laxatives), acidity (PPI, H2RA), or integrity (NSAIDs, oral steroids).
• Body Mass Index (BMI) > 38.
• Previous history of gastric bezoar or gastroparesis.
• Any abdominal or pelvic surgery within the past 3 months.
• Known history of inflammatory bowel disease and/or Crohn's disease.
• History of diverticulitis, diverticular stricture, or other intestinal strictures.
• History of abdominal or pelvic radiotherapy.
• History of dysphagia, eosinophilic esophagitis, esophageal stricture, or other swallowing disorder.
• Cardiovascular, endocrine, renal or other chronic disease likely to affect motility.
• Colon cleansing prep for 1 month before the first visit, or during the study.
• Use of antibiotics, prebiotics, herbal supplements, or probiotics for 2 weeks before the first visit, or during the study.
• < 2 bowel movements per week.