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Completed

NCT Number: NCT03427528

Development, Feasibility and Acceptability of Fathers and Babies (FAB): A Pilot Study

During this project the investigators will develop and pilot test a companion intervention for fathers (Fathers and Babies-FAB), to supplement the Mothers and Babies Course (MB) that provides stress and mood management tools for home visiting clients. Focus groups with prior study participants, their male partners, and home visiting staff will be used to develop the FAB curriculum and protocol. FAB text messages aim to improve the mental health of the male partner and help him support his partner's mental health. Feasibility, acceptability, and outcome measures will be supplemented with assessments of fathers' mental health and partners' relationships. Participant assessments will be conducted at baseline, 3 and 6 months in this uncontrolled pilot study. The public health significance and innovation of this project is substantial. If the investigators are able to integrate MB-TXT and MB-DAD into home visiting programs and generate improved mental health outcomes for home visiting clients and their partners, the investigators will be prepared to replicate this intervention across home visiting programs nationally at a time when home visitation as a service delivery model for families with infants and young children is rapidly proliferating through federal funding.

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Key information

Conditions

Perinatal Depression Behavior Behavioral Symptoms Depression Depression, Postpartum Depressive Disorder Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications Mental Disorders Mood Disorders Postpartum Depression Pregnancy Complications Puerperal Disorders Urogenital Diseases

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Northwestern University

Chicago, Illinois, 60611, United States

About this study

Enhancements to Mothers and Babies are warranted to address the mental health of both parents, via the home visitation service delivery model where many of the most at-risk families enter into provider-client relationships during their child's infancy and early childhood.

Previous postpartum depression preventive interventions-including MB-have neglected to intervene with partners of pregnant women, despite the growing recognition that paternal depression also exerts influence on children's social-emotional development and occurs in a similar time-frame. Thus, in an otherwise successful intervention, these limitations-mixed success in improving hypothesized intervention mechanisms and limited engagement of fathers-may mitigate intervention efficacy. Paternal depression is hypothesized to mediate the relationship between MB modules and maternal mental health outcomes.

This study addresses this limitation. The investigators will collaborate with 10-12 home visiting (HV) programs serving primarily low-income families. The investigators will recruit 24 mother-father dyads for an uncontrolled pilot in which mothers will receive MB-TXT and fathers will receive FAB, a pilot curriculum developed using existing materials and data collected via qualitative research with home visiting clients, their partners, and home visiting staff.

Aim 1. To develop and determine the feasibility and acceptability of a) conducting the MB-DAD intervention protocol and b) assessing paternal and dyadic outcomes across two home visiting programs. Focus groups with prior trial participants, their male partners, and home visiting staff will generate information on a) intervention content, b) frequency of contact, and c) relationship to MB materials received by their partner.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

English-speaking women >18 years old enrolled in home visiting programs who are in their 1st or 2nd or 3rd Trimester will be eligible for enrollment

Male partners of English-speaking women >18 years old enrolled in home visiting programs who are in their 1st or 2nd or 3rd Trimester will be eligible for enrollment

Note: Both parents/partners are required to participate in this study, not just one or the other.

Treatment and study plan

Fathers and Babies (FAB)

Behavioral

The initial FAB session was delivered in person or by phone by the home visitor working with the mother, and lasted 30 min on average. Subsequent sessions were delivered, in-person, via text message with embedded links to online content, or a mix of both in-person and text messages, depending on the preference and availability of the father. Fathers received three to six text messages per FAB session.

MB 1-on-1 plus TXT

Behavioral

Home visiting clients received the Mothers and Babies with -Text Messages intervention in person during regular scheduled home visits (i.e., MB 1-on-1 plus MB-TXT). After each in person session home visiting clients receive three messages to reinforce skill practice and remind them about their personal projects.

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in Depressive Symptoms

    Time frame: Baseline and Post Intervention at 3 and 6 months

    Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) (Beck et al., 1988). The BDI-II was used to assess severity of depressive symptoms consistent with DSM-IV symptom criteria. The BDI-II is a 21-item survey, each item asks respondents to indicate on a scale ranging from 0 to 3 the extent to which they endorse different symptoms of depression over the past two weeks with higher scores indicating greater depression severity, with the highest score of 63.

    0-10-considered normal 11-16 Mild mood disturbance 17-20 Borderline clinical depression 21-30 Moderate depression 31-40 Severe depression Over 40 Extreme depression.

  2. Change in Anxiety

    Time frame: Baseline and Post Intervention at 3 and 6 months

    Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale (GAD-7) (Spitzer et al., 2006). The GAD-7 is a 7-item survey, each item asks respondents to indicate on a 4-point scale the extent to which they endorse different symptoms of anxiety over the past two weeks with higher scores indicating greater anxiety symptoms. The highest score is 21.

    Score 0-4: Minimal Anxiety Score 5-9: Mild Anxiety Score 10-14: Moderate Anxiety Score greater than 15: Severe Anxiety

  3. Change in Perceived Stress

    Time frame: Baseline and Post Intervention at 3 and 6 months

    Perceived Stress Scale 10-item Scale (PSS-10) (Cohen & Williamson, 1988). The PSS-10 is a 10-item survey that asks respondents to indicate on a 5-point scale the extent to which they appraised certain situations as stressful over the past month, with higher scores indicating greater perceived stress. Individual scores on the PSS can range from 0 to 40 with higher scores indicating higher perceived stress.

    0-13 are considered low stress Scores ranging from 14-26 are considered moderate stress Scores ranging from 27-40 are considered high perceived stress

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change in Social Support Effectiveness

    Time frame: Baseline and Post Intervention at 3 and 6 months

    Social Support Effectiveness Questionnaire (SSE-Q) (Rini et al., 2011). The SSE-Q is a 25-item survey that asks respondents to indicate the extent to which their partners provided different types of support in the past three months. The SSE-Q consists of subscales on task support, informational support, emotional support, and negative effects of support. For this study, we calculated a total social support score that summed these four subscales (range 0-80). High scores indicate more effective support. Full scale scores can range from 0 to 80, and each subscale can range from 0 to 20.

  2. Instrumental Social Support Support Survey (Cyranowski et al., 2013).

    Time frame: Baseline and Post Intervention at 3 and 6 months

    The measure consists of 8 questions and asks respondents to indicate on a 5-point scale the extent to which they have received different types of instrumental support in the last month. Higher scores indicate greater support. We report on the count and percentage of individuals with high instrumental support at each time point.

  3. Emotional Support Support (Cyranowski et al., 2013)

    Time frame: Baseline and Post Intervention at 3 and 6 months

    NIH Toolbox Emotional Support Support Survey. The survey consists of 8 questions and asks respondents to indicate on a 5-point scale the extent to which they have received different types of emotional support in the last month. Higher scores indicate greater support. We report on the count and percentage of individuals with high emotional support at each time point.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Northwestern University

Other

Collaborators

  • National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)

Registry information

Official study title

Integrating Text Messages Into the Mothers and Babies Course to Address Depression in Low-Income Women and Their Partners

Important dates

Study start
2018
Primary completion
2020
Study completion
2020
First posted
Feb 9, 2018
Registry last updated
Jul 18, 2022

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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