Demographics and Clinical Characteristics of Ocular Inflammatory Diseases in Singapore

This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study. In this study, the investigators aim to investigate demographics, clinical characteristics, treatment received, and outcomes of ocular inflammatory diseases, including masquerade syndromes such as ocular neoplasms (e.g., vitreoretinal and uveal lymphoma) and endophthalmitis that presented to the Singapore National Eye Centre (SNEC). Data on demographics, clinical features, diagnosis, investigations, secondary complications, treatment received, and outcomes will be analyzed using statistical software. The results of this study will lead to an improved clinical practice with better treatment selections and an optimized monitoring protocol for follow-up care for patients with ocular inflammatory diseases, including masquerade syndromes such as ocular neoplasms (e.g.,vitreoretinal and uveal lymphoma) and endophthalmitis. This will lead to better clinical outcomes and prevention of serious sight-threatening complications.

Inclusion criteria

• Patients diagnosed with uveitis
• Patients diagnosed with scleritis or episcleritis
• Patients diagnosed with ocular neoplasms e.g., vitreoretinal and uveal lymphoma
• Patients diagnosed with endophthalmitis
• Diagnosis confirmed by laboratory testing or histopathological examination
• Patients diagnosed and managed at the Singapore National Eye Centre (SNEC)

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with less than two years of clinical follow-up
• Patients with incomplete diagnostic confirmation (i.e., lacking laboratory or histopathological evidence)
• Patients diagnosed outside of Singapore National Eye Centre (SNEC)
• Cases with missing key clinical or outcome data