Decompressive Craniectomy in Patients With Cerebellar Infarction

This trial is a prospective, randomized, controlled, clinical trial based on a stroke center. The primary end point was survival with favorable outcome, defined as a score of 0 to 3 on the mRS at 12 months (±30 days) after randomization (defined by a score of 0 to 3 on the modified Rankin scale (mRS), which ranges from 0 [no symptoms] to 6 [death]). Secondary outcomes included death, Barthel Index, baseline stroke severity NIHSS (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale), and SF-36 at 6 months and 1-year after randomization. The variables for subgroup analysis were age, sex, time to randomization, lesion volume, brainstem involvement, hemorrhagic transformation.

Inclusion criteria

• The presence of cerebellar territory infarction with an NIHSS score ≥8.
• Initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score <9 on admission and clinical deterioration (a score of ≥ 1 decrease on GCS score) within 48 hours from onset.
• Decrease in the level of consciousness to a score of ≥ 1 on item 1a (level of consciousness) of the NIHSS, rapid deterioration to coma.

Exclusion criteria

• Prestroke mRS score ≥2.
• Prestroke score on the Barthel Index <95.
• Score on the Glasgow Coma Scale ≤6.
• Both pupils fixed and dilated.
• Any other coincidental brain lesion that might affect outcome.
• Space-occupying hemorrhagic transformation of the infarct.
• Pregnancy.
• Life expectancy <3 years.