Culturally Adapted Intervention to Prevent Self-harm in Young People With Autism

Data on recruitment and retention rates. The success criterion of feasibility will be to recruit > 50% of eligible participants and retain 70%.

Acceptability will be assessed using data on attendance. The criterion for acceptability is the mean attendance rate of >70% of sessions.

This consists of four questions measuring the previous suicide attempt and the presence of self-harm. The scale was taken from the original Self-Harm Questionnaire.

A 19-item instrument for detecting and measuring the current intensity of patient-specific attitude, behavior, and specificity of patient thoughts to kill him/ herself during the past week.

117 cards related to thoughts, feelings, events, behaviours and self-harm supports/services

This instrument is designed to measure three aspects of hopelessness, feelings about the future, loss of motivation and expectations.

It has 21 items capturing depression symptoms in the past 14 days. The Autistic Depression Assessment Tool - Adult has staged questions for each symptom: 1) the presence (yes/no) of the difficulty in the past 14 days; 2) if present, the length of time the difficulty has been experienced for over the past 14 days (from 1-3 days (1) to 12-14 days (4)); and 3) the impact of the symptom on everyday functioning (from "Never" (0) to "Extremely" (4)). Answering "no" to a difficulty is scored 0, length of time is scored from 1-4, and impact from 1-4. Scores across the sections are summed to obtain individual item scores from 0-8, with total scores ranging from 0-168, with higher scores indicating a greater number / impact of depressive symptoms in the past 14 days.

The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale is a simple measure of psychological distress. The scale involves 10 questions about emotional states each with a five-level response scale. The measure can be used as a brief screen to identify levels of distress. Each item is scored from one 'none of the time' to five 'all of the time'. Scores of the 10 items are then summed, yielding a minimum score of 10 and a maximum score of 50. Low scores indicate low levels of psychological distress and high scores indicate high levels of psychological distress.

It's a standardised instrument to measure participants' health-related quality of life. It consists of a self-report questionnaire covering five dimensions of health (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/ discomfort, and anxiety/ depression)

CARS-2 is an observational, standardized assessment tool to identify and measure the severity of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children. Rating relies on information being gathered by observing the child and from the parents. CARS is a 15-item scale with a cutoff score of 28, measuring fifteen different behaviors indicative of ASD on a point rating scale. A systematic review and meta-analysis on CARS indicate its internal consistency of 0.90 across all items (Brignell et al., 2019). The CARS-2 was administered by trained clinicians and used as evidence to support the clinical diagnosis of ASD.