Cubii for Exercise in People With MS

Average minutes participants used the device each day

The Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ; Godin & Shephard, 1985) is a 4-item self-administered questionnaire seeking information re: the number of times one engages in mild, moderate and strenuous leisure-time physical activity bouts of at least 15 min duration in a typical week. The GLTEQ was used to assess the frequency of typical weekly strenuous, moderate, and mild exercise. Total exercise scores were also computed by multiplying each reported exercise frequency by its metabolic equivalent (MET) and then summing the totals: (strenuous x 9) + (moderate x 5) + (mild x 2) (Godin, Jobin, & Boullon, 1986). Higher scores indicate greater exercise engagement.

The tool asks participants to rate the difficulty in performing twenty common activities of daily living using scale that ranges from 1-5, where 1=unable to do and 5=without any difficulty.

The total raw score is calculated by summing the individual responses. A higher score indicates higher function.

Qualitative findings: a narrative summary of participant responses to interview questions about using the device.

A structured, self-report questionnaire examining quality of life that contains 54-items, generating 12 subscales with two summary scores (physical health and mental health) and two additional single-item measures (satisfaction with sexual function and change in health). In scoring the MSQOL-54, two summary scores (physical and mental health) are produced from a weighted combination of scale scores, where scores range from 0 to 100. A higher score indicates improved quality of life.

Patient-reported pain intensity consisting of 3 items assessing pain intensity over the past seven days. Each item is scored 1 (no pain) to 5 (very severe pain) yielding a raw score between 3 to 15, which is converted to a standard t-score. Higher scores indicate greater self-reported intensity of pain.

A structured, self-report questionnaire consisting of 8 items measuring the self-reported consequences of pain on relevant aspects of a person's life and may include the extent to which pain hinders engagement with social, cognitive, emotional, physical, and recreational activities (e.g., how much did pain interfere with your day-to-day activities). Each item is scored 1 (not at all) to 5 (very much).The total raw score is calculated by summing the individual responses. The raw score ranges from 8-40; a higher score reflects more severe depressive symptoms. The total raw score is translated into a T-score for each participant according to the PROMIS Scoring Manual. The T-score provides a standardized score with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10.

A structured, self-report questionnaire consisting of 21 statements examining the effects of fatigue. Each statement is scored on a scale of 0-4 (0 = never, 1 = rarely, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often, 4 = almost always). The total MFIS score can range from 0-84; the higher the score, the stronger the feelings of fatigue.

A structured, self-report questionnaire consisting of 8 items examining negative mood (sadness, guilt), view of self (self-criticism, worthlessness), and social cognition (loneliness, interpersonal alienation) as well as decreased positive affect and engagement (loss of interest, meaning, and purpose). Respondents rate the strength of agreement with statements about depressive symptoms using a 1-5 scale (1=never; 2=rarely; 3=sometimes; 4=often; and 5=always). The total raw score is calculated by summing the individual responses. The raw score ranges from 8-40; a higher score reflects more severe depressive symptoms. The total raw score is translated into a T-score for each participant according to the PROMIS Scoring Manual. The T-score provides a standardized score with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10.

A structured, self-report questionnaire consisting of 6 items examining anxiety symptoms in the past 7 days using a 5-point scale (1=Never, 2=Rarely, 3=Sometimes, 4=Often, 5=Always). The lowest possible raw score is 6; the highest possible raw score is 30. Higher results mean greater anxiety symptoms. The total raw score is translated into a T-score for each participant according to the PROMIS Scoring Manual. The T-score provides a standardized score with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10.

The BFI is a 9-item, 11-point rating scale developed to assess subjective fatigue. The first three questions measure fatigue severity from 0, indicating "no fatigue," to 10, indicating "as bad as you can imagine," at current, usual, and worst levels. The following six questions assess fatigue interference with daily activities including general activity, mood, walking ability, normal work (both inside and outside the home), relations with other people, and enjoyment of life. Response options range from 0, indicating "does not interfere," to 10, indicating, "completely interferes." Higher scores on the BFI correspond to greater self-reported levels of fatigue. The time period for all questions is over the past 24 hours.