COVID-19: Respiratory and Sleep Follow-up

Europe and in particular Italy, Spain and France are currently affected by the coronavirus 2019-nCoV pandemic, whose immediate prognosis is linked to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Beyond the long-term adverse effects on respiratory health and reduced exercise capacity, other complications will occur. These include a more rapid progression of cardiometabolic diseases, a secondary epidemic of disabling post-traumatic stress disorder, and severe sleep disorders. The current project aims at a multidisciplinary assessment of respiratory, cardiac, sleep and mental health sequelae, three months after SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis in order to better characterize these complications.

Three aspects will be targeted in this study : (i) long-term monitoring of deterioration in lung function, (ii) screening for sleep respiratory disorders (sleep apnea syndrome, obesity hypoventilation syndrome) and iii) characterization of sleep disorders and design of specialized intervention to improve sleep quality.

This study is a prospective, multicentric cohort study that aims at constituting a cohort of 400 patients who will be screened for pulmonary, cardiac, sleep, or psychological sequelae 3 months after their diagnosis. They will be then followed for 5 years. The primary outcome will be the diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO) 3 months after the diagnosis. Other secondary outcomes will include:

• prevalence of sleep disorders and sleep disordered breathing 3 months after diagnosis and their evolution until 5 years;
• prevalence of cardiac, exercise capacity, respiratory and ventilatory muscles impairments at 3 months and their evolution until 5 years;
• characterization of homogeneous groups of patients who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and have respiratory, cardiometabolic and/or sleep complications, 3 months after diagnosis (latent class analysis) and evaluate their evolution until 5 years
• determine the prevalence of radiological sequelae at 3 months, and their evolution until 5 years
• determine the psycho-social impact (quality of life, post-traumatic stress, anxiety, productivity at work) at 3 months and its evolution until 5 years

Inclusion criteria

• Male or Female, aged > 18 years
• With a positive diagnosis for SARS-COVID-19, confirmed by RT-PCR or with compatible symptoms
• Signed informed consent by patient
• Affiliated to a French social and health insurance system or equivalent
• For biological collection: patient eligible for sampling (weight >50kg and hemoglobin >7g/dL) and signed inform consent for collection

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnant or breastfeeding women
• Prisoners or patients who require protection by the law
• Patients not affiliated to a French social and health insurance system or equivalent
• Ages <18 years
• Diagnosis of infection by other pathogen than SARS-COVID-19 or no indication of infection by COVID-19