Cortical Activity and Gait Function for Robotic Gait Training in Hemiparetic Stroke

cortical activity of primary sensorimotor cortex, premotor cortex, supplementary motor areas, pre-supplementary motor areas, prefrontal cortex during gait

ankle, knee, and hip joint motion of sagittal plane during gait

cortical activity of primary sensorimotor cortex, premotor cortex, supplementary motor areas, pre-supplementary motor areas, prefrontal cortex during gait

ankle, knee, and hip joint motion of sagittal plane during gait

Berg Balance Scale assess the functional balance ability of participants with observation of 14 tasks, representing functional movements common in daily life. Each task is scored on a five-point scale (0-4) following the guidelines of the test developers, and the maximum score on this test is 56 which indicates balance ability within the normal range.

Fugl-Meyer Assessment uses to examine the motor function and coordination of affected lower extremity. It includes 17 items of a 3-point ordinal scale, ranging 0-34, with higher scores indicating lower impairment.

10m walk test is used to examine gait speed, in which participant was asked to walk on a 14 meter of walkway wearing harness with two conditions; with the fastest speed or with self-selected comfortable speed.

Functional Ambulation Category is used to assess gait ability with 6 levels ranging from 0 to 5 on the basis of the amount of physical support required, regardless of use of an assistive device

Korean version of Falls efficacy scale asks subjects to rank their confidence about their ability not to fall while performing a variety of activities of daily living with a maximum score of 100

21-question multiple-choice self-report inventory, one of the most widely used psychometric tests

health-related quality of life poststroke across 8 domains using a 5-point Likert scale, with the score ranging from 0 to 100 and a higher score indicating better health status

a clinical tool to assess gait, balance and fall risk

a simple test used to assess a person's mobility and requires both static and dynamic balance

Measure of physical disability used widely to assess behaviour relating to activities of daily living for stroke patients

Controlled Oral Word Association Test, abbreviated COWA or COWAT, is a verbal fluency test that measures spontaneous production of words belonging to the same category or beginning with some designated letter.

The digit span test is a way of measuring the storage capacity of a person's working memory.

Muscle activity of tibialis anterior, medial gastrocnemius, vastus medialis, biceps femoris, gluteus medius during gait.

Plantar pressure (great toe, little toe, medial meta, lateral meta, medial arch, lateral arch, heel) during gait

step length, step time, swing time, double limb support time during gait

cortical activity of primary sensorimotor cortex, premotor cortex, supplementary motor areas, pre-supplementary motor areas, prefrontal cortex during gait

cortical activity of primary sensorimotor cortex, premotor cortex, supplementary motor areas, pre-supplementary motor areas, prefrontal cortex during gait

Static standing balance as measured using a force plate: Changes in center-of-pressure velocity and area