Controlled Trial: 5-day Course of Telithromycin Versus Doxycycline for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Scrub Typhus

Randomization and treatment assignment. After submitting a written, informed consent, the patients with an temperature of higher than 37.5°C and who met the eligibility criteria were randomly allocated to receive one of two oral regimens in accordance with a protocol that was determined by the last digit of a resident registration number (the patients with an odd number were treated by a5-daycourseofdaily 200-mg doses of doxycycline,and the patients with an even number were treated by a 5-day course of daily 800-mg doses of telithromycin). Therapy was started immediately after acomprehensive clinical examinationand the collection of specimens for laboratory tests.

Inclusion criteria

We conducted a multicenter prospective study of patients with possible scrub typhus. Adult patients (aged ≥18 years) who have had fever (temperature: ≥37.5°C) together with eschar or a maculopapular skin rash and ≥2 of the following symptoms: headache, malaise, myalgia, coughing, nausea, and abdominal discomfort, were enrolled after obtaining an informed consent from the patients or their guardians (10). Each patient was admitted between September, 2005 to December, 2005 to Chosun University Hospital or one of its two community branch hospitals (Jangheung Hospital and Chumdan Hospital), which are all located in southwest Korea.

Exclusion criteria

• The exclusion criteria were an inability to take oral medications, pregnancy, hypersensitivity to the trial drugs, previous drug therapy with potential antirickettsial activity (e.g., rifampicin, chloramphenicol, macrolides, fluoroquinolones or tetracyclines) within 48 h prior to admission, severe scrub typhus (shock requiring vasopressor therapy for >1 h, a stuporous or comatose level of consciousness, respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation or renal failure requiring immediate dialysis)