Contemplative Well-being Apps for the Workplace

The Incivility in Nursing Education Revised Survey contains 24-items asking students about behaviors they exhibited or witnessed in the past 12 months (for example, "Students made rude gestures or nonverbal behaviors towards others"). Respondents indicate how often these behaviors occurred by selecting from 1 = Never, 2 = Rarely (only once or twice), 3 = Sometimes (approximately once per month), or 4 = Often (more than once per month). Total scores can range from 24 to 96, with higher scores indicating more incivility performed or witnessed.

The School-Burnout Inventory is a 9-item survey asking students about how much burnout they have felt in the past month (for example, "I feel overwhelmed by my schoolwork"). Respondents indicate the degree to which they agree with each statement on a scale of 1 to 6 where 1 = completely disagree and 6 = completely agree. Total scores can range from 9 to 54, with higher scores indicating more burnout.

The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) is a 42-item survey asking about feelings of depression and anxiety that the respondent has experienced in the past week (for example, "I found myself getting upset at quite trivial things"). Respondents indicate the degree to which they agree with each statement on a scale of 0 to 3 where 0 = does not apply to me at all and 3 = applied to me very much, or most of the time. The depression subscale includes 14 items. A score of 0-9 indicates no depression, 10-13 indicates moderate depression, 14-20 is moderate depression, 21-27 is severe depression and scores of 28 and above indicate extremely severe depression.

The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) is a 42-item survey asking about feelings of depression and anxiety that the respondent has experienced in the past week. Respondents indicate the degree to which they agree with each statement on a scale of 0 to 3 where 0 = does not apply to me at all and 3 = applied to me very much, or most of the time. The depression subscale includes 14 items. A score of 0-7 indicates no anxiety, 8-9 indicates moderate anxiety, 10-14 is moderate anxiety, 15-19 is severe anxiety and scores of 20 and above indicate extremely severe anxiety.

The Empathic Accuracy (EA) Task is a dynamic video assessment that asks participants to continuously rate the emotions of others as they tell emotional autobiographical stories. Empathic accuracy is the correlation between feelings of the story-tellers in the video and what the participants perceive the story-tellers feelings to be.

The researchers will acquire a high-resolution T1-weighted MRI scan of the whole brain and brain stem from vertex to approximately 2.5 cm below the lower rim of the cerebellum. Gray matter density in the brain stem, with particular focus on the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve and the nucleus of the solitary tract will be measured.

The researchers will acquire a high-resolution T1-weighted MRI scan of the whole brain and brain stem from vertex to approximately 2.5 cm below the lower rim of the cerebellum. White matter density in the brain stem, with particular focus on the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve and the nucleus of the solitary tract will be measured.

Gene (mRNA) expression in PBMCs, focusing on a profile of genes with known involvement in immune function, will be analyzed using the Illumina Human HT-12 BeadArrays.