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OpenTrials
Completed

NCT Number: NCT06159647

Consumer Responses to Alcohol Warnings

The primary objective is to evaluate whether alcohol warnings about different topics elicit higher perceived message effectiveness than control messages. The secondary objective is to evaluate whether alcohol warnings about different topics elicit higher reactance than control messages.

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Key information

Conditions

Alcohol Drinking Behavior Drinking Behavior

Age range

21 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Online study

Palo Alto, California, 94304, United States

About this study

Participants will complete a within-subjects online randomized experiment in which they will view and rate messages on the risk of alcohol consumption. Participants will view and rate 12 messages total: 10 warning messages and 2 control messages. They will rate each message on perceived message effectiveness (primary outcome) and message reactance (secondary outcome). The 10 warning messages will be about 5 different warning topics (i.e., 2 messages per topic) and the 2 control messages will be about 1 control topic (2 messages per topic). In this within-subjects experiment, the survey will present the topics in random order and the messages within each topic in random order.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Age 21 and older
  • Reside in the United States
  • Able to complete a survey in English

Exclusion criteria

  • Under 21 years of age
  • Reside outside the United States
  • Unable to complete a survey in English

Treatment and study plan

Mouth cancer warning

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of mouth cancer from alcohol consumption.

Throat cancer warning

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of throat cancer from alcohol consumption.

Voice box (larynx) warning

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of voice box (larynx) cancer from alcohol consumption.

Esophagus cancer warning

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of esophagus cancer from alcohol consumption.

Liver cancer warning

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of liver cancer from alcohol consumption.

Colon and rectum cancer warning

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of colon and rectum cancer from alcohol consumption.

Breast cancer

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of breast cancer from alcohol consumption.

Cancer (generic, not site-specific)

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of cancer (not site-specific) from alcohol consumption.

Addiction and neurological changes

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of addiction and neurological changes from alcohol consumption.

Hypertension

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of hypertension from alcohol consumption.

Liver damage

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of liver damage from alcohol consumption.

Harm to fetus

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of harm to a fetus from alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

Dementia

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of dementia from alcohol consumption.

Impaired sleep

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of impaired sleep from alcohol consumption.

Drinking guidelines

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about guidelines for alcohol consumption.

Control

Behavioral

Participants will view neutral messages unrelated to the harms of alcohol consumption.

Road injuries

Behavioral

Participants will view messages about the risk of road injuries from alcohol consumption.

Primary outcomes

  1. Perceived message effectiveness

    Time frame: The survey will take up to 20 minutes.

    The study will assess perceived message effectiveness using 1 item: "How much does this message discourage you from wanting to drink alcohol?" Response options will range from "not at all" (coded as 1) to "a great deal" (coded as 5). Higher scores indicate more perceived message effectiveness.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Reactance

    Time frame: The survey will take up to 20 minutes.

    The study will assess reactance using 1 item: "Say how much you disagree or agree with this statement: This message exaggerates the health effects of alcohol." Response options will range from "strongly disagree" (coded as 1) to "strongly agree" (coded as 5). Higher scores indicate more reactance.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Stanford University

Other

Registry information

Important dates

Study start
2024
Primary completion
2024
Study completion
2024
First posted
Dec 7, 2023
Registry last updated
Feb 13, 2024

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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