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NCT Number: NCT07268027

Constructivist Prenatal Education Effects

The Effect of a Constructivist-Based Prenatal Education Program on Pregnant Women's Fear of Childbirth, Pain Beliefs, and Self-Efficacy for Normal Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

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Key information

Conditions

Fear of Childbirth Childbirth Education Neurologic Manifestations Pain Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Self-Efficacy Signs and Symptoms

Age range

18 year–45 year

Sex eligibility

Female

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Seyhan Çankaya

Konya, 42250, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

The study is a randomized controlled trial. It will be conducted at the prenatal school of Konya City Hospital between December 2025 and May 2026. A total of 126 primiparous pregnant women will be included in the study (intervention group n=63, control group n=63). The intervention group will receive the Constructivist-Based Prenatal Education Program, while the control group will receive the standard prenatal care and education provided by the hospital. Data will be collected using a personal information form, the Fear of Childbirth Scale, the Pain Beliefs Scale, and the Self-Efficacy for Normal Birth Scale.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Registered in the hospital's prenatal school and actively participating in the 3-day training sessions,
  • Aged 18 years or older,
  • Between 20 and 32 weeks of gestation,
  • Having a singleton and low-risk pregnancy,
  • Primiparous (expecting their first birth),
  • Voluntarily agreeing to participate by signing the written informed consent form,
  • Able to read, understand, and communicate in Turkish.

Exclusion criteria

  • Those who have previously given birth vaginally or by cesarean section (multiparous women),
  • Those with multiple pregnancies,
  • Those who conceived through assisted reproductive techniques,
  • Those diagnosed with serious obstetric or medical complications during pregnancy (such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, or risk of preterm birth),
  • Those with a history of psychiatric diagnosis or currently receiving psychiatric treatment,
  • Foreign nationals.

Treatment and study plan

Constructivist-Based Prenatal Education Group

Other

Pregnant women who agree to participate in the study and are assigned to the childbirth preparation education group will receive a Constructivist-Based Prenatal Education Program in the prenatal school department of the hospital for a total of 24 hours over 3 days. Participants in the intervention group will attend the classes in groups of 15.

Other names: Education Group

Primary outcomes

  1. Comparison of the sociodemographic characteristics of pregnant women before the training with a survey.

    Time frame: 6 months

    Sociodemographic information of pregnant women will be collected through surveys, compared, and reported.

  2. Comparison of obstetric characteristics of pregnant women before the training with a questionnaire.

    Time frame: 6 months

    Obstetric data of pregnant women will be collected through questionnaires, compared, and reported.

  3. Comparison of the means of the Fear of Childbirth Scale among pregnant women across groups.

    Time frame: 6 months

    The Fear of Childbirth Scale will be administered to pregnant women. The Respectful Childbirth Care scale ranges from 0 to 160 points (min-max), with higher scores indicating higher fear of childbirth.

  4. Comparison of the Pain Beliefs Scale means among pregnant women across groups.

    Time frame: 6 months

    The Pain Beliefs Scale will be administered to pregnant women.The scale evaluates two types of pain-related beliefs: organic and psychological. It includes 12 items rated on a 6-point Likert scale, with 8 items assessing organic beliefs (pain as a physiological or pathophysiological condition) and 4 items assessing psychological beliefs (pain influenced by anxiety, depression, or external factors). No total score is calculated; each subscale score is the mean of its items. Higher scores indicate stronger beliefs in that specific dimension.

  5. Comparison of mean scores on the Self-Efficacy Scale for Normal Childbirth among pregnant women across groups.

    Time frame: 6 months

    The Self-Efficacy Scale for Normal Childbirth will be administered to pregnant women. Possible scores on the scale are 0-90 (min-max). Higher scores indicate higher self-efficacy levels.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Selcuk University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The Effect of a Constructivist-Based Prenatal Education Program on Pregnant Women's Fear of Childbirth, Pain Beliefs, and Self-Efficacy for Normal Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Dec 5, 2025
Registry last updated
May 26, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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