Introduction:
Age, cancer, and under-treatment. Over 60% of cancer diagnoses and 71% of cancer deaths are in older adults (OAs) age 65+y. OAs are under-screened, under-diagnosed, under-staged, and under- treated for cancer compared to middle-aged individuals. Increasing age is associated with changing physiology along with increasing comorbidity, polypharmacy, functional impairment, and cognitive impairment. Frailty (reduced physiologic reserve) is common but not universal. The inability of oncologists to accurately 'stage the ageing' and separate frailty from healthy ageing leads to both over- treatment of many frail and under-treatment of many fit older adults around the world. To help clinicians and patients select appropriate cancer treatment(s) and identify issues that may affect treatment delivery, the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the Int'l Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) recommend GA for OAs when cancer treatment is considered. A GA has 8 key assessment domains (i.e. comorbidity, functional status, medications, falls risk, nutrition, social supports, cognition, mood), each of which is relevant to cancer treatment.GA can change treatment decisions in almost 30% of patients, reducing over- and under-treatment, and allowing for personalization of cancer therapy. GA helps predict who is at high risk of treatment toxicity, enabling treatment modifications and/or additional supportive care, leading to reductions in severe toxicity of 10-20% and prolonged time on treatment. However, GA has not been widely implemented in oncology settings in most countries, in large part due to lack or limited availability of timely geriatric expertise. An attractive, scalable solution is a patient self-completed GA.
The investigators designed the CHAMP tool, a self-reported online GA that can be completed by older adults at home or in the clinic prior to their medical appointment. The process for developing CHAMP included the following steps: i) a systematic review and a Delphi Panel of expert clinicians to select the final domains and items/questionnaires; ii) design sessions with older adults with cancer to develop the layout and contact of the tool; iii) usability sessions with older adults with cancer to finalize the tool; and iv) design sessions with oncology clinicians to develop the tool's clinician interface. The CHAMP tool is now ready for field testing.
Our objectives are to measure feasibility outcomes and determine whether the CHAMP tool impact treatment decisions and supportive care strategies in older adults with cancer.
Methods:
A total of 210 older adults (65+y) with cancer of any type and stage will be recruited from 4 centres - 3 academic (Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Odette Cancer Centre, St. Michael's) and 1 community site (St. Joseph's Health Centre). Older adults who agree to participate will be asked to provide information on sociodemographic characteristics and comfort with technology prior to completing the CHAMP tool. Subsequently, older adults will be asked to complete the tool either prior to clinic (at home via internet) or in clinic (via iPad) prior to their consultation with the oncologist. Following completion of the CHAMP tool and prior to recommending therapy, a member of the research team will provide the CHAMP results to the oncologist. The oncologist will be asked the proposed treatment plan and whether the patient is fit, vulnerable, or frail using standard definitions. Then, the oncologist will be asked of whether the treatment plan intent is being modified based on the CHAMP tool. The CHAMP tool also contains evidence-based recommendations for oncologists on strategies to reduce risk and address geriatric domains. Surveys will be used to assess patients' and oncologists' satisfaction with the tool.
