Skip to main content
OpenTrials
Active, Not Recruiting

NCT Number: NCT07068347

Comparison Of VR & CPT, With And Without Lifestyle Modification, On ULD In Breast Cancer Survivors

The proposed study will compare the effect of an application of non-immersive virtual reality (VR) and conventional physical therapy (CPT) with and without lifestyle changes on upper limb dysfunction in breast cancer survivors, post-surgery. The purpose of this proposed RCT is to compare the effect of VR alone/in conjunction with lifestyle changes to that of CPT alone/in conjunction with lifestyle changes for the physical rehabilitation of female breast cancer survivors. Research will be conducted on 60 patients. This research employs parallel, randomized clinical trial design, which shall be conducted in NORI hospital, Shifa International Hospital and Kinifit physiotherapy in Islamabad/Rawalpindi over a period of 18 months. Thus, the type of sampling done in this study is purposive sampling.

Active, Not Recruiting

This study is active but is not currently recruiting participants.

Notify Me

Key information

Conditions

Breast Cancer Breast Diseases Breast Neoplasms Neoplasms Neoplasms by Site Skin Diseases Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases

Age range

30 year–60 year

Sex eligibility

Female

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

District Head Quarters Hospital, Rawalpindi, Punjab Province, Pakistan

Loading trial locations.

About this study

Primary Objectives:

  • To compare the effects of immersive virtual reality and conventional physical therapy, with and without lifestyle modification, on upper limb functional disability in post-surgical breast cancer survivors.

Secondary Objectives:

  • To assess the effects of immersive virtual reality compared to conventional physical therapy, with and without lifestyle modification, on improving pain, shoulder range of motion and muscle strength in post-surgical breast cancer survivors.
  • To determine the effects of immersive virtual reality compared to conventional physical therapy with and without lifestyle modification on quality of life and psychological wellbeing in post-surgical breast cancer survivors.
  • To evaluate self-reported adherence to the life style modification program among post-surgical breast cancer survivors.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Female breast cancer survivors aged 30-60 years.
  • Women with breast cancer who have undergone any type of breast cancer surgery (e.g., mastectomy, lumpectomy, or breast reconstruction), regardless of the specific surgical procedure will be included.
  • Participants able to carry on upper limb and whole-body physical activity will be included.
  • Participants able to use smart devices such as mobile phones and computers will be included.
  • Patients obtaining a physician's clearance for fitness testing and exercise will be included.
  • Patients having no physical limitations prohibiting exercise will be included.
  • Patients diagnosed with grade 0-3 of breast cancer who had undergone surgery will be included.
  • who were currently in the 2nd ~ 4th months after cancer surgery.
  • Presence of upper limb dysfunction (e.g., pain, reduced range of motion and weakness).

Exclusion criteria

  • Subjects suffering from active malignant tumors or bilateral breast cancer.
  • Participants disabling physical or psychological ailments not allowing them to participate in the intervention .
  • Patients who had lymphedema will be excluded.
  • Participants with visual disorders that interfered with a video game- based exercise.
  • Subjects with cognitive disorders, mental disorders, or cooperation issues will be excluded.Subjects with vascular or cardiopulmonary disorders.
  • Subjects with previous breast cancer surgery on the present or contralateral side.
  • Participants having upper extremity ROM limitation before the surgery will be excluded.
  • Participants with presence of pace-maker, infection, open wounds, or wound drains will be excluded.

Treatment and study plan

VR + lifestyle modification

Combination Product

VR + lifestyle modification (Warm up,In VR kinetic sports I Bowling, Darts,Golf,Boxing,Beach Volleyball ,Table Tennis,Fruit Ninja)Passive glenohumeral joint mobilization,Scar tissue massage.In lifestyle modification walking at home for 30 min in 3-5 days /week. Dietry habits will be given according to American Institute for cancer Research.

In sleep habits Recommended Sleep Hours 7-9 hours per night,Establish a Consistent Sleep Schedule,Create a Comfortable Sleep Environment,Limit Screen Time Before Bed,Engage in Relaxation Techniques,Limit Caffeine and Alcohol Intake,Manage Nighttime Discomfort,Maintain a Pre-Sleep Routine,Address Emotional Health,Avoid Daytime Naps.Deep breathing exercise for stress management

VR only

Combination Product

VR only (Warm up,In VR kinetic sports I Bowling, Darts,Golf,Boxing,Beach Volleyball ,Table Tennis,Fruit Ninja)Passive glenohumeral joint mobilization,Scar tissue massage.

Conventional physical therapy + lifestyle modification

Combination Product

Conventional physical therapy + lifestyle modification In Conventional physical therapy(Pumping exercise for upper limb,Pendulum exercises ,Shrugs for shoulder and rotations,In sitting position arms up with clasped hands ,Shoulder rotation (arms on sides-arms in abduction),Arms up with hands clasped again but in lying position ,Wand exercises ,M. pectoralis major-M. Pectoralis Minor stretches in supine and standing positions,Snow angels,Front and lateral climbing on wall ,Trunk rotation in standing position (in sitting position, if not tolerated)

Conventional physical therapy only

Combination Product

Conventional physical therapy only((Pumping exercise for upper limb,Pendulum exercises ,Shrugs for shoulder and rotations,In sitting position arms up with clasped hands ,Shoulder rotation (arms on sides-arms in abduction),Arms up with hands clasped again but in lying position ,Wand exercises ,M. pectoralis major-M. Pectoralis Minor stretches in supine and standing positions,Snow angels,Front and lateral climbing on wall ,Trunk rotation in standing position (in sitting position, if not tolerated) ,Trunk lateral flexion with arms in 90 degrees abduction in standing position,Theraband (flexion-extension-abduction, adduction and internal-external rotation),Muscles of upper limb strengthening ,Mobilization for passive glenohumeral joint ,Tissue massage for scars.

Primary outcomes

  1. Visual Analog Scale (VAS)

    Time frame: 18 Months

    Upper limb dysfunction can be assessed using a combination of pain evaluation, range of motion measurements, and muscle strength testing. Pain is typically recorded using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), where the patient marks their perceived pain level along a 10-centimeter horizontal line, with 0 indicating no pain and 10 representing the worst imaginable pain.

  2. Goniometer (shoulder flexion, abduction, external rotation)

    Time frame: 18 Months

    Scoring details: The score is determined by measuring the distance in centimeters from the 'no pain' end to the patient's mark. Range of motion (ROM) is assessed using a goniometer for key movements such as shoulder flexion, abduction, and external rotation. The angles achieved are measured in degrees and compared against established normative values typically 0° to 180° for flexion and abduction, and 0° to 90° for external rotation to identify limitations.

  3. Handheld dynamometer

    Time frame: 18 Months

    Muscle strength is evaluated using a handheld dynamometer, measuring the force produced by muscle groups like shoulder flexors, abductors, and external rotators. Strength is recorded in kilograms or newtons, usually averaging three trials, and compared to normative data or the unaffected limb to determine the degree of weakness. Together, these measures provide a comprehensive functional profile of the upper limb.

  4. Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) Questionnaire

    Time frame: 18 Months

    Functional outcomes for individuals with upper limb dysfunction can be evaluated using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, a widely used, standardized, self-reported measure. The DASH consists of 30 items that assess the patient's ability to perform various physical activities, severity of symptoms, and impact on social and work-related tasks involving the upper extremity. Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (no difficulty or no symptoms) to 5 (unable to perform activity or extreme symptoms). The scores from all completed items are summed, averaged, and then transformed into a score out of 100, where 0 indicates no disability and 100 represents the most severe disability. This tool provides valuable insight into the patient's perceived functional status and the extent to which upper limb issues interfere with daily life and occupational tasks.

  5. European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30)

    Time frame: 18 Months

    his is a validated, multidimensional, self-administered questionnaire designed to evaluate overall health-related quality of life in patients with chronic illness or undergoing treatment. The QLQ-C30 consists of 30 items covering several domains, including five functional scales (physical, role, emotional, cognitive, and social functioning), three symptom scales (fatigue, nausea/vomiting, and pain), a global health status/quality of life scale, and several single-item assessments for additional symptoms such as insomnia, appetite loss, and financial difficulties. Each item is rated on a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very much), except for the two global health status items, which use a 7-point scale. Scores are transformed to a scale from 0 to 100, with higher scores on the functional and global health scales indicating better functioning and quality of life, while higher scores on the symptom scales reflect greater symptom burden.

  6. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)

    Time frame: 18 Months

    The HADS consists of 14 items, divided equally into two subscales: seven items assess symptoms of anxiety (HADS-A) and seven assess symptoms of depression (HADS-D). Each item is scored on a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 0 to 3, with total scores for each subscale ranging from 0 to 21. Scores are interpreted as follows: 0-7 indicates a normal range, 8-10 suggests possible anxiety or depression, and 11-21 indicates probable or clinically significant anxiety or depression.

  7. Self-reported adherence to the lifestyle modification program through weekly logs.

    Time frame: 18 Months

    The Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) is scored using a 4-point Likert scale (Never, Sometimes, Often, Routinely) for each of its 52 items. The overall score is calculated as the mean of all item responses, and this mean score is then categorized into four levels: Poor, Moderate, Good, and Excellent. The collected data provides insight into patient engagement, consistency in following health recommendations, and potential barriers to adherence. Regular review of these weekly logs allows clinicians or researchers to track progress, identify patterns of non-compliance, and offer timely support or program adjustments to improve health behaviors and functional recovery outcomes.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Superior University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Comparison Of Virtual Reality And Conventional Physical Therapy, With And Without Life Style Modification, On Upper Limb Dysfunction In Post-Surgical Breast Cancer Survivors

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2025
Study completion
2026
First posted
Jul 16, 2025
Registry last updated
Feb 2, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

Related clinical trials

Published trials that share one or more normalized conditions with this study.