Comparison of the Effects of 5%NaHCO3, 2%CHG and 70%Alcohol in the Prevention of Infections Related to Catheter

Effectiveness in the laboratory: The efficacy of the solutions on the most common bacteria on the skin was tested in the laboratory.

Analysis of solutions to be used in Laboratory Environment (In vitro): 5% NaHCO3 water solution, 2% KHG solution and 70% Alcohol solution to be used in the catheterization process were studied in the laboratory with the microbiologist in the blood, Müller Hinton agar with disk diffusion method.

The diameter of the discs used is 9 mm. Microorganisms are clinical isolates. As a result, they are the inhibition zones recorded.

Before the process, the solutions were prepared by the researcher weekly in the laboratory. The solution to be administered to the patients was determined by randomization.

In the units where the study was conducted, peripheral intravenous catheters were placed in the hospitalized patients who met the inclusion criteria for their routine treatment. Before the procedure, the skin of the catheter insertion site was cleaned with an appropriate antiseptic solution according to the randomization groups.

After skin cleansing, a catheter was inserted. The inserted catheters were fixed with a transparent catheter fixing tape. The introductory information section on the patient in the data collection form was filled in before the procedure, information on catheterization and catheter infection follow-up sections after the insertion of the peripheric intravenous catheter.

Effectiveness and safety in practice: After insertion of the catheters, body temperatures were observed at 12-hour intervals.

The body temperature of the patients was measured with intratympanic degrees before the catheter was inserted and at the 12th and 24th hours after the catheter was inserted and recorded in the data collection form. Before the measurements, the child was allowed to rest for about 3-5 minutes.

Effectiveness and safety in practice:

The heart rate of the patients was measured before insertion of the catheter and at the 12th and 24th hours after the insertion of the catheter, and recorded on the data collection form, by means of the pulseeoxymeter tape using the monitor attached to the finger.

Before the measurements, the child was allowed to rest for about 3-5 minutes.

Effectiveness and safety in practice: After insertion of the catheters, blood pressures were observed at 12-hour intervals.

The blood pressure of the patients was measured before the catheter was inserted and at the 12th and 24th hours after the catheter was placed, using the monitor attached to the cuff attached to the patient's arm, and recorded on the data collection form.

measurements were made each time from the same extremity. Before the measurements, the child was allowed to rest for about 3-5 minutes.

Effectiveness and safety in practice: After insertion of the catheters, oxygen saturations were observed at 12-hour intervals.

The oxygen saturations of the patients were measured before the catheter was inserted and at the 12th and 24th hours after the catheter was placed, and recorded on the data collection form, using the monitor attached to the pulseeoxymeter band attached to the fingers.

Measurements were made on the same finger each time. Before the measurements, the child was allowed to rest for about 3-5 minutes.

Effectiveness and safety in practice: After insertion of the catheters, respiratory counts were observed at 12-hour intervals.

Respiratory rates of the patients were measured before the catheter was inserted and at the 12th and 24th hours after the catheter was inserted through the monitor connected to the electrodes attached to the patients' chest and recorded on the data collection form.

Before the measurements, the child was allowed to rest for about 3-5 minutes.

Efficiency and safety in application:

The local temperature change of the patients was measured by the investigator at the catheter insertion site at the 12th and 24th hours with a non-contact infrared thermometer. And recorded in the data collection form. All observations were made by the researcher.

Effectiveness and safety in practice:

The local infection findings of the patients were observed by the investigator at the 12th and 24th hours of the catheter insertion site and recorded on the data collection form.

All observations were made by the researcher. Discharge/drainage was questioned as if there was no drainage/discharge in the patient when the catheter insertion was on sight.

It was evaluated as either "yes" or "no".

Efficacy and safety in practice: After insertion of the catheters, the catheter insertion site was observed and asked every twelve hours for local pain.

It was evaluated as either "yes" or "no". All observations were made by the researcher. It was recorded in the data collection form.

Effectiveness and safety in practice:

The local infection findings of the patients were observed by the investigator at the 12th and 24th hours of the catheter insertion site and recorded on the data collection form.

All observations were made by the researcher. Tenderness was questioned as if there was no sensitivity in the patient when the catheter insertion was touched.

It was evaluated as either "yes" or "no".

Effectiveness and safety in practice:

The local infection findings of the patients were observed by the investigator at the 12th and 24th hours of the catheter insertion site and recorded on the data collection form.

All observations were made by the researcher. Swelling was questioned as if there was no swelling in the patient when the catheter insertion was touched.

It was evaluated as either "yes" or "not no".

A swab sample was taken from the catheter insertion site at the 1st and 24th hours. The presence of bacterial growth at the catheter insertion site was examined. The same process was repeated 24 hours later, and the presence of growth between the two procedures was evaluated. The result of the skin swab analysis was displayed on the computer on the third day after the sample delivery, in the patient's information section. The results were recorded in the data collection form.

After the peripheral catheter was inserted, a swab sample was taken from the cannula entrance at the 1st and 24th hours, using a sterile cotton applicator soaked in sterile distilled water, in accordance with the protocol created by scanning the literature.

The sample taken was sent to the patient for bacterial analysis in his laboratory without waiting.

Analysis results were recorded on the eidlip data collection form obtained from the patient results system available on the computer 3 days after each sample.

Routine blood samples were not taken from the patients to determine the presence of systemic infection.

Blood analysis is performed routinely in the clinic, immediately after hospitalization and at the 24th hour.

The blood analysis at the first admission and the results of the blood analysis 24 hours later were taken from the physician files.

According to the local infection indicators and clinical conditions of the patients, it was decided to take and send samples for blood culture upon the physician's request.

Before the application, the results of the routine examinations sent with the request of the physician were checked.

Complicated blood culture results, white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP) level results were recorded on the data collection form.