Comparison of the Effectiveness, Safety, and Satisfaction of Different Methods for Labor Induction

The time from the insertion of the vaginal delivery system or administration of the oral tablet to the time of delivery

The time from the insertion of the vaginal delivery system or administration of the oral tablet to the time of spontaneous vaginal delivery

The investigators will measure the time from the insertion of the vaginal delivery system or administration of the oral tablet to the onset of active labor, defined as the occurrence of strong contractions every 5 minutes.

The investigators will compare the need for oxytocin administration and its dosage, measured in international units (IU).

The need for epidural analgesia, remifentanil, N₂O, no analgesia.

Vaginal birth, Caesarean birth, Vacuum extraction

Rate of uterine hyperstimulation- exaggerated uterine response consisting of uterine hypertonus, a single uterine contraction lasting two or more minutes or uterine tachysystole with a least 12 contractions in 20 minutes, with a simultaneous nonreassuring fetal heart rate tracing as defined by the 2015 FIGO (The international federation of gynaecology and obstetrics) classification of intrapartum cardiotocography.

Time from the onset of labor (regular contraction every 5 minutes) to the delivery of the baby

The investigators will assess whether participants experience blood loss exceeding 1000 mL during delivery and within the first 3 hours postpartum.

The investigators will observe the occurrence of third-degree perineal tears during labor. A third-degree tear involves injury to the anal sphincter complex, classified as follows: 3a involves less than 50% of the external anal sphincter (EAS) being torn, 3b involves more than 50% of the EAS being torn, and 3c involves tearing of both the EAS and the internal anal sphincter (IAS).

The investigators will observe the occurrence of fourth-degree perineal tears during labor. A fourth-degree tear involves injury to the anal sphincter complex (EAS and IAS) as well as the anorectal mucosa.

The investigators will monitor for the occurrence of the following side effects: nausea, vomiting, high fever, discomfort, diarrhea, and allergic reactions.

Infants with a 5-minute APGAR score of less than 7.The Apgar score is a number calculated by scoring the heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, skin color, and reflex irritability of the infant, 5 min after birth. Each of these objective signs can receive 0, 1, or 2 points. The higher is the sum of the points, the better is the condition of the newborn.

5-minute APGAR score of less than 7.

A sample will be taken from the umbilical artery after birth for pH analysis.

Infants which will be admitted to the neonatal intensive unit for whatever reason.

All participants will complete questionnaires designed to assess whether they experienced any feelings of coercion or undue pressure when consenting to labor induction. These surveys will include four questions specifically focused on labor induction, with responses measured using a Likert scale. The questionnaires will be administered after participants have agreed to proceed with the induction process.

The second questionnaire, the validated Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ2), assesses satisfaction with the labor and delivery process. Participants will complete the CEQ2 within the first three days postpartum while still admitted to the maternity ward. The survey comprises 22 statements specifically addressing aspects of labor induction and the childbirth experience, with responses evaluated using a Likert scale.