Comparison of Patient Comfort With the Nasal and Oral Insertion of the Endobronchial Ultrasound Bronchoscope

Linear endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) now plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning of lung cancer. Most centers perform linear EBUS via the oral route given the larger diameter of the bronchoscope used. However, the feasibility and the diagnostic accuracy of linear EBUS performed through the nose have not been reported. Furthermore, the two routes of insertion have never been compared in terms of patient satisfaction and comfort.

In order to compare the two routes of insertion, consecutive patients referred for a linear endobronchial ultrasound will be recruited. Participants will be randomized to either oral or nasal insertion. All participants will be sedated and will receive local anesthetics in a similar manner. After the procedure, patients will fill a questionnaire regarding their comfort and satisfaction with the procedure.

Inclusion criteria

• patients older than 18 years of age
• patients referred for a first linear endobronchial ultrasound

Exclusion criteria

• Patients who previously underwent an EBUS
• Patients intubated with an endotracheal tube
• Patients under the age of 18
• Patients unable to provide informed consent
• Patients currently taking anticoagulants (therapeutic doses of intravenous or subcutaneous heparin, low-molecular weight heparins, direct thrombin inhibitors or other agents)
• Patients taking anti-platelet therapy other than aspirin (clopidogrel, ticagrelor, prasugrel). A period of 7 days off medication is required before participation.