Comparison of Impar Ganglion Block and Sacral Erector Spinae Plane Block in Patients with Coccygodynia

Coccygodynia is defined as pain localized in the coccygeal region. While previous trauma and fractures may contribute to its development, in many cases, no identifiable etiology can be determined. Patients who continue to experience pain despite conservative treatment and physiotherapy are often referred to pain management outpatient clinics for interventional treatment options. Various interventional procedures are utilized in the management of coccygodynia, including impar ganglion block and radiofrequency applications, caudal epidural steroid injections, sacral erector spinae plane block, and coccygeal nerve blocks, all of which are commonly performed in pain treatment clinics. Impar ganglion block is administered under sterile conditions in the sacrococcygeal region within an operating room setting, utilizing ultrasound and/or fluoroscopic guidance. This procedure aims to alleviate pain; however, potential complications include increased pain, bleeding at the procedural site, rectal perforation, and infection. Sacral erector spinae plane block is another interventional approach performed under sterile conditions in the operating room using ultrasound guidance. Similar to the impar ganglion block, its primary objective is pain reduction, though it also carries risks such as increased pain, bleeding, and infection at the procedural site

Inclusion criteria

• Those who have had chronic coccygodynia for at least 3 months
• Being between the ages of 18-65
• Patients who do not respond to conservative treatments (analgesics, physical therapy modalities etc.) and are scheduled for interventional pain procedures

Exclusion criteria

• Patients who have undergone surgery to the coccyx region
• Having undergone an interventional pain procedure in the lumbar, sacral and coccyx regions within the last year
• Patients with systemic infection, local infection at the application site, and coagulopathy
• Pregnant and breastfeeding patients
• Having endocrine or rheumatological disease that may affect the musculoskeletal system in the relevant region and lead to diagnostic complexity (such as spondyloarthropathy)
• Patients with musculoskeletal system pathology that may contribute to symptoms in the relevant region and affect the evaluation of treatment results (such as lumbar disc herniation, sacroiliitis, spinal stenosis)
• Those with lumbar, sacral or coccygeal vertebra fractures
• Those with a history of allergic reactions to the contents of the injectate to be administered during an interventional pain procedure (especially contrast agent and local anesthetic)
• Those with mental disorders that may affect the evaluation during the follow-up periods during the study