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Completed

NCT Number: NCT07608133

Comparison of Dydrogesterone Alone Versus Dydrogesterone Plus HCG in Threatened Miscarriage

This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the efficacy of Dydrogesterone alone versus Dydrogesterone combined with human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in the treatment of threatened miscarriage in first trimester pregnancy.

Threatened miscarriage is defined as vaginal bleeding with abdominal or pelvic pain in early pregnancy with a closed cervical os. It is one of the most common complications of pregnancy and may lead to pregnancy loss if not managed appropriately.

In this study, eligible women aged 18-40 years presenting with threatened miscarriage will be randomly assigned into two groups. Group A will receive oral Dydrogesterone 10 mg twice daily, while Group B will receive oral Dydrogesterone 10 mg twice daily along with intramuscular human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) 5000 IU weekly up to 14 weeks of gestation.

The primary outcome is treatment efficacy, defined as absence of vaginal bleeding and pain score ≤4 on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) after 14 days of treatment.

The results of this study will help determine whether the addition of HCG to Dydrogesterone provides superior clinical benefit in threatened miscarriage and may guide future treatment protocols.

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Key information

Conditions

Threatened Miscarriage Abortion, Threatened Early Pregnancy Bleeding Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications Pregnancy Complications Urogenital Diseases

Age range

18 year–40 year

Sex eligibility

Female

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Pakistan Air Force Hospital, Islamabad

Islamabad, Punjab Province, 44000, Pakistan

About this study

Threatened miscarriage is a common complication in early pregnancy, affecting a significant proportion of women in the first trimester. It is clinically defined by vaginal bleeding with or without abdominal pain while the cervical os remains closed. Although many pregnancies with early bleeding continue successfully, a considerable proportion may progress to miscarriage, making early and effective management essential.

Progesterone plays a key role in the maintenance of pregnancy by supporting endometrial stability and preventing uterine contractions. Dydrogesterone, a synthetic progesterone, is widely used for the management of threatened miscarriage. However, clinical outcomes remain variable, and additional therapeutic strategies are being explored.

Human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) is a glycoprotein hormone produced by the syncytiotrophoblast early in pregnancy. It supports corpus luteum function and progesterone production and may also have direct effects on uterine blood flow, angiogenesis, and endometrial receptivity. These mechanisms suggest a potential benefit of combining HCG with progesterone therapy.

This randomized controlled trial will be conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PAF Hospital Islamabad after approval from the ethical review committee. A total of 100 women diagnosed with threatened miscarriage in the first trimester will be enrolled through consecutive non-probability sampling and randomly assigned into two equal groups.

Group A will receive oral Dydrogesterone 10 mg twice daily, while Group B will receive the same dose of Dydrogesterone along with intramuscular HCG 5000 IU weekly until 14 weeks of gestation.

Participants will be followed for 14 days after initiation of treatment. The primary outcome measure is treatment efficacy, defined as absence of vaginal bleeding and pain score ≤4 on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Secondary analysis will include comparison of efficacy between both groups using chi-square test, with p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant.

Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 24. Results of this study will provide evidence regarding the comparative effectiveness of combination therapy versus progesterone alone in the management of threatened miscarriage and may contribute to improved clinical guidelines in local population settings.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Women with singleton pregnancy diagnosed as threatened miscarriage in the first trimester
  • Age 18 to 40 years
  • Presence of vaginal bleeding with or without abdominal pain and closed cervical os
  • Viable pregnancy confirmed on ultrasound (fetal cardiac activity present)
  • Willing to provide written informed consent

Exclusion criteria

  • History of oxytocin or prostaglandin use during current pregnancy
  • History of abdominal trauma during pregnancy
  • Septic abortion or signs of infection
  • Hemodynamically unstable patients
  • Known bleeding disorders
  • Known uterine anomalies
  • Failed or inevitable miscarriage at presentation

Treatment and study plan

Dydrogesterone

Drug

Dydrogesterone 10 mg administered orally twice daily for the treatment of threatened miscarriage during first trimester pregnancy.

Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)

Drug

Human chorionic gonadotrophin 5000 IU administered intramuscularly once weekly until 14 weeks of gestation as adjunct therapy with Dydrogesterone.

Primary outcomes

  1. Number of Participants with Treatment Success as Assessed by Absence of Vaginal Bleeding and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Score

    Time frame: 14 days after initiation of treatment

    Treatment success is defined as the absence of vaginal bleeding AND a pain score ≤4 on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) after 14 days of treatment in women with threatened miscarriage. The VAS is a continuous scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain), where lower scores indicate less pain and a better outcome.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Proportion of Participants Achieving Treatment Success in Each Treatment Group

    Time frame: 14 days after initiation of treatment

    To compare the proportion of patients achieving treatment success between Dydrogesterone alone and Dydrogesterone plus human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) groups in threatened miscarriage. Treatment success is defined as absence of vaginal bleeding and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score ≤4 (scale: 0-10, where 0 = no pain and 10 = worst possible pain; lower scores indicate better outcome).

Other outcomes

  1. Change in Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Pain Score and Vaginal Bleeding Pattern

    Time frame: 14 days after treatment initiation

    To assess change in abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding patterns in both study groups during the follow-up period. Pain will be assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), a continuous scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain), where lower scores indicate less pain and a better outcome. Vaginal bleeding will be assessed as present/absent and by bleeding pattern (spotting, light, moderate, heavy). Data will be reported as change from baseline to Day 14.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Pakistan Air Force (PAF) Hospital Islamabad

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Comparison of Dydrogesterone Alone With Dydrogesterone Plus Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (HCG) in the Treatment of Threatened Miscarriage

Acronym: DYD-HCG

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
May 27, 2026
Registry last updated
May 27, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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