Comparison by Transoesophageal Assessement of Systolic Right Ventricle Function Measures in Perioperative Care of Pulmonary Transplant.

Inclusion criteria

• Adult (over 18 years)
• Patient affiliated to a social protection scheme insurance
• Patient was informed of the study and w gave their consent
• Patient on the lung transplant list
• Patient eligible for a pulmonary transplantation after decision of a multidisciplinary team
• Patients with chronic lung disease with parenchymal dysfunctions (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia or BOOP)

Exclusion criteria

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• Minor patients
• Patient under judicial protection, under guardianship
• Patient in exclusion period (determined by a previous study or in progress)
• Patient participating in parallel in another clinical trial that may interfere with the results of the study
• Inability to give informed patient information (emergency, understanding difficulties, etc ...)
• The refusal of patient consent
• The use of cardiopulmonary bypass during lung transplantation
• Uni-pulmonary transplant
• A transplant for idiopathic or primary pulmonary hypertension
• The presence of a cons-indication for transesophageal echocardiography:

o Absolute contraindications:

• Abnormalities of the esophagus: stenosis, tumor, diverticulum perforation, active bleeding

o Relative contraindications:

• ancient cervicothoracic irradiation history (> 10 years)
• recent upper gastrointestinal bleeding history
• presence of esophageal varices ≥ grade II
• zero cervical mobility
• Reflux Esophagitis
• Severe coagulation disorders
• Pregnancy / Breastfeeding