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Completed

NCT Number: NCT05561400

Combining tDCS and CILT in Non-fluent Aphasia

The long-term goal of this work is to determine if combining a highly intensive, task-specific behavioral language intervention with modulation of the efferent cerebellar-cortical pathway using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has a positive influence on discourse, verbal fluency and working memory in individuals with non-fluent aphasia after stroke. And if these changes can be related to neuroplastic change in the cerebellar cortical pathway indirectly measured through neurophysiologic changes using spectral electroencephalogram (EEG). The initial phase includes the proposed pilot study data from which will be used to inform a larger clinical trial. The primary aims of this pilot are to 1) determine the effect of combining cerebellar tDCS with constraint-induced language therapy (CILT) on language as measured by a verbal fluency task and discourse task in a small population and 2) identify the tolerance of the intervention and barriers to participation measured by the adverse events questionnaire that will inform the methodology of a larger study. The secondary aims include estimating the size of the treatment effect on 1) delta percentage in F3, F7 and Fp1 compared to F4, F8, and Fp2 using resting state EEG spectral analysis and coherence, 2) working memory as measured by the score on the n-back test and 3) quality of life as measured by the Stroke Aphasia Quality of Life survey tool. The secondary aims will be used to determine the utility of these measures in a larger clinical trial.

This is a prospective, crossover study, sham-controlled intervention study with two intervention conditions delivered across 6 intervention sessions (3x/week for two weeks) with a 4-week washout in between. Conditions include: 1) sham cerebellar tDCS and 2) real cerebellar tDCS delivered at 2mA across 20 minutes. Each of these will be delivered during CILT intervention with a licensed, certified speech-language pathologist trained in CILT. Once tDCS stimulation has ended, CILT will continue to be delivered for an additional 25 minutes. Assessments of discourse, verbal fluency, working memory and EEG spectral analysis will be conducted at four timepoints, before and after each intervention phase.

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Key information

Conditions

Aphasia Aphasia, Broca Brain Diseases Brain Injuries Cardiovascular Diseases Central Nervous System Diseases Cerebrovascular Disorders Communication Disorders Craniocerebral Trauma Language Disorders Nervous System Diseases Neurobehavioral Manifestations Neurologic Manifestations Non-fluent Aphasia Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Signs and Symptoms Speech Disorders Stroke Trauma, Nervous System Vascular Diseases Wounds and Injuries

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

University of Minnesota

Duluth, Minnesota, 55812, United States

About this study

This is a prospective sham-controlled, cross-over design. Eligible participants must be over the age of 18 years, be > least 6 months post unilateral cortical stroke and diagnosed with mild to moderate non-fluent aphasia. Additional inclusion/exclusionary criteria have been specified in and approved by the IRB. Six to seven participants are expected to be recruited and screened, with the goal to enroll and complete the study with four individuals who will be randomly assigned to receive either sham or real condition first. The two intervention conditions include: 1) andodal tDCS (2mA) to the right posterior-lateral cerebellum and 2) sham tDCS to the right posterior-lateral cerebellum. The participants will receive 20 minutes of tDCS (sham or real) during CILT followed by an additional 25 minutes of CILT alone. Each condition will be administered 3 days per week for two weeks for a total of 6 intervention sessions with a 4-week washout period between.

For tDCS (TCT-Research Version tDCS Stimulator, Hong Kong), two 5x5 saline-soaked sponge electrodes will be used with the anode placed over the right cerebellar hemisphere; 1cm under and 4cm lateral of the inion targeting the posterior lateral cerebellum and the cathode will be placed on the right shoulder. The electrode placement will be the same across both conditions. The CILT behavioral intervention will be led by a certified, licensed speech-language pathologist and a graduate student researcher and will follow the guidelines of CILT.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • over the age of 18 years
  • history of stroke
  • diagnosed with non-fluent aphasia.
  • be able to independently understand simple directions,
  • use some speech to communicate,
  • have access to reliable transportation (including taxi and/or other transportation services),
  • fluent in English.

Exclusion criteria

  • Pregnancy,
  • history of seizures,
  • any metal implants in the body (excluding dental fillings),
  • history of migraines,
  • psoriasis or eczema affecting the scalp,
  • history of a head injury such as a concussion
  • diagnosis of a mental health or neurological condition/disease.

Treatment and study plan

tDCS

Device

5x5 saline-soaked sponge electrodes will be used with the cathode placed over the right cerebellar hemisphere; 1cm under and 4cm lateral of the inion targeting lobule VII and the anode will be placed on the right shoulder. The electrode placement will be the same across both conditions.

Placebo

Other

sham tDCS to the right cerebellum

Primary outcomes

  1. Discourse: Picture Description

    Time frame: Baseline 1: occurred at Visit 2 (after consent)

    Picture Description using Main Concept Analysis (MCA), a reliable, valid method of discourse analysis. It captures a participant's ability to state the main points/highlights of a sequential story. Responses to the "Broken Window" picture sequence, a normed and standardized task are recorded as accurate and complete (3 points), accurate and incomplete (2 points), inaccurate and complete (2 points), inaccurate and incomplete (1 point) or absent (0points). The minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 24. There are no subscales. The higher the score, the better the performance. Scores reported for individual participants are raw scores.

    Baseline 1 and Follow up 1 refer to the first intervention condition in the cross over sequence.

  2. Discourse Analysis: Picture Description

    Time frame: Follow up 1: Visit 9. 2 weeks after Baseline 1

    Picture Description using Main Concept Analysis (MCA), a reliable, valid method of discourse analysis. It captures a participant's ability to state the main points/highlights of a sequential story. Responses to the "Broken Window" picture sequence, a normed and standardized task are recorded as accurate and complete (3 points), accurate and incomplete (2 points), inaccurate and complete (2 points), inaccurate and incomplete (1 point) or absent (0points). The minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 24. There are no subscales. The higher the score, the better the performance. Scores reported for individual participants are raw scores.

    Baseline 1 and Follow up 1 refer to the first intervention condition in the cross over sequence.

  3. Discourse: Picture Description

    Time frame: Baseline 2: Visit 10. 6 weeks after Baseline 1 and 4 weeks after Follow up 1

    Picture Description using Main Concept Analysis (MCA), a reliable, valid method of discourse analysis. It captures a participant's ability to state the main points/highlights of a sequential story. Responses to the "Broken Window" picture sequence, a normed and standardized task are recorded as accurate and complete (3 points), accurate and incomplete (2 points), inaccurate and complete (2 points), inaccurate and incomplete (1 point) or absent (0points). The minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 24. There are no subscales. The higher the score, the better the performance. Scores reported for individual participants are raw scores.

    Baseline 2 and Follow up 2 reflect the second intervention in the cross over sequence.

  4. Discourse Analysis: Picture Description

    Time frame: Follow up 2: Visit 17. 8 weeks after Baseline 1, 6 weeks after Follow up 1 and 2 weeks after Baseline 2

    Picture Description using Main Concept Analysis (MCA), a reliable, valid method of discourse analysis. It captures a participant's ability to state the main points/highlights of a sequential story. Responses to the "Broken Window" picture sequence, a normed and standardized task are recorded as accurate and complete (3 points), accurate and incomplete (2 points), inaccurate and complete (2 points), inaccurate and incomplete (1 point) or absent (0points). The minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 24. There are no subscales. The higher the score, the better the performance. Scores reported for individual participants are raw scores.

    Baseline 2 and Follow up 2 reflect the second intervention in the cross over sequence.

  5. Discourse Analysis: Story Retell

    Time frame: Baseline 1: occurred at Visit 2

    Story Retell using Main Concept Analysis (MCA), counts of the number of main ideas or propositions that are necessary for successful discourse. Responses to the "Cinderella" story retell task, a normed and standardized task will be recorded using the standardized "counts" or "raw score" main concept analysis scoring system. The minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 102. There are no subscales for this measure. Responses are scored using the following rubric: accurate and complete (3 points), accurate and incomplete (2 point), inaccurate and complete (2 point) inaccurate and incomplete (1 points) or absent (0 points). The higher the score, the better the performance. Participant scores are reported as raw scores.

    Baseline 1 and Follow up 1 refer to the first intervention condition in the cross over sequence.

  6. Discourse Analysis: Story Retell

    Time frame: Follow up 1: Visit 9: 2 weeks after Baseline 1

    Story Retell using Main Concept Analysis (MCA), counts of the number of main ideas or propositions that are necessary for successful discourse. Responses to the "Cinderella" story retell task, a normed and standardized task will be recorded using the standardized "counts" or "raw score" main concept analysis scoring system. The minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 102. There are no subscales for this measure. Responses are scored using the following rubric: accurate and complete (3 points), accurate and incomplete (2 point), inaccurate and complete (2 point) inaccurate and incomplete (1 points) or absent (0 points). The higher the score, the better the performance. Participant scores are reported as raw scores.

    Baseline 1 and Follow up 1 refer to the first intervention condition in the cross over sequence.

  7. Discourse Analysis: Story Retell

    Time frame: Baseline 2: Visit 10. 6 weeks after Baseline 1 and 4 weeks after follow up 1

    Story Retell using Main Concept Analysis (MCA), counts of the number of main ideas or propositions that are necessary for successful discourse. Responses to the "Cinderella" story retell task, a normed and standardized task will be recorded using the standardized "counts" or "raw score" main concept analysis scoring system. The minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 102. There are no subscales for this measure. Responses are scored using the following rubric: accurate and complete (3 points), accurate and incomplete (2 point), inaccurate and complete (2 point) inaccurate and incomplete (1 points) or absent (0 points). The higher the score, the better the performance. Participant scores are reported as raw scores.

    Baseline 2 and Follow up 2 reflect the second intervention in the cross over sequence.

  8. Discourse Analysis: Story Retell

    Time frame: Follow up 2: Visit 17. 8 weeks after Baseline 1, 6 weeks after Follow up 1 and 2 weeks after Baseline 2

    Story Retell using Main Concept Analysis (MCA), counts of the number of main ideas or propositions that are necessary for successful discourse. Responses to the "Cinderella" story retell task, a normed and standardized task will be recorded using the standardized "counts" or "raw score" main concept analysis scoring system. The minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 102. There are no subscales for this measure. Responses are scored using the following rubric: accurate and complete (3 points), accurate and incomplete (2 point), inaccurate and complete (2 point) inaccurate and incomplete (1 points) or absent (0 points). The higher the score, the better the performance. Participant scores are reported as raw scores.

    Baseline 2 and Follow up 2 reflect the second intervention in the cross over sequence.

  9. Discourse Analysis: Procedural

    Time frame: Baseline 1: Visit 2

    Procedural Discourse using Main Concept Analysis (MCA), counts of the number of main ideas or propositions that are necessary for successful procedural discourse. Responses "how to make a peanut butter sandwich" task, a normed and standardized task will be recorded using the standardized "counts" or "raw score" main concept analysis scoring system. The minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 30. There are no subscales. The higher the score, the better the performance. Participant responses are scored using a rubric: accurate and complete (3 points), accurate and incomplete (2 point)s, inaccurate and complete (2 points), inaccurate and incomplete (1 point) or absent (0 points). Participant scores are reported as raw scores. There are no subscales for this measure.

    Baseline 1 and Follow up 1 refer to the first intervention condition in the cross over sequence.

  10. Discourse Analysis: Procedural

    Time frame: Follow up 1: Visit 9: 2 weeks after Baseline 1

    Procedural Discourse using Main Concept Analysis (MCA), counts of the number of main ideas or propositions that are necessary for successful procedural discourse. Responses "how to make a peanut butter sandwich" task, a normed and standardized task will be recorded using the standardized "counts" or "raw score" main concept analysis scoring system. The minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 30. There are no subscales. The higher the score, the better the performance. Participant responses are scored using a rubric: accurate and complete (3 points), accurate and incomplete (2 point)s, inaccurate and complete (2 points), inaccurate and incomplete (1 point) or absent (0 points). Participant scores are reported as raw scores. There are no subscales for this measure.

    Baseline 1 and Follow up 1 refer to the first intervention condition in the cross over sequence.

  11. Discourse Analysis: Procedural

    Time frame: Baseline 2: Visit 10. 6 weeks after Baseline 1 and 4 weeks after follow up 1

    Procedural Discourse using Main Concept Analysis (MCA), counts of the number of main ideas or propositions that are necessary for successful procedural discourse. Responses "how to make a peanut butter sandwich" task, a normed and standardized task will be recorded using the standardized "counts" or "raw score" main concept analysis scoring system. The minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 30. There are no subscales. The higher the score, the better the performance. Participant responses are scored using a rubric: accurate and complete (3 points), accurate and incomplete (2 point)s, inaccurate and complete (2 points), inaccurate and incomplete (1 point) or absent (0 points). Participant scores are reported as raw scores. There are no subscales for this measure.

    Baseline 2 and Follow up 2 reflect the second intervention in the cross over sequence.

  12. Discourse Analysis: Procedural

    Time frame: Follow up 2: Visit 17. 8 weeks after Baseline 1, 6 weeks after Follow up 1 and 2 weeks after Baseline 2

    Procedural Discourse using Main Concept Analysis (MCA), counts of the number of main ideas or propositions that are necessary for successful procedural discourse. Responses "how to make a peanut butter sandwich" task, a normed and standardized task will be recorded using the standardized "counts" or "raw score" main concept analysis scoring system. The minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 30. There are no subscales. The higher the score, the better the performance. Participant responses are scored using a rubric: accurate and complete (3 points), accurate and incomplete (2 point)s, inaccurate and complete (2 points), inaccurate and incomplete (1 point) or absent (0 points). Participant scores are reported as raw scores. There are no subscales for this measure.

    Baseline 2 and Follow up 2 reflect the second intervention in the cross over sequence.

  13. Verbal Fluency: Semantic

    Time frame: Baseline 1: Visit 2

    Verbal Fluency is a normed and standardized task of working memory and word recall. Participant will name as many animals as they can in one minute. Norms for healthy adults is between 18-20 items listed within the one minute timeframe. The number of items listed is the participants raw score. The higher the score, the better the performance. A score considered "no concerns" is >17 items. The minimum score is 0. There is no maximum score as this is a timed measure. There is no subscales for this measure.

    Baseline 1 and Follow up 1 refer to the first intervention condition in the cross over sequence.

  14. Verbal Fluency: Semantic

    Time frame: Follow up 1: Visit 9: 2 weeks after Baseline 1

    Verbal Fluency is a normed and standardized task of working memory and word recall. Participant will name as many animals as they can in one minute. Norms for healthy adults is between 18-20 items listed within the one minute timeframe. The number of items listed is the participants raw score. The higher the score, the better the performance. A score considered "no concerns" is >17 items.The minimum score is 0. There is no maximum score as this is a timed measure. There is no subscales for this measure.

    Baseline 1 and Follow up 1 refer to the first intervention condition in the cross over sequence.

  15. Verbal Fluency: Semantic

    Time frame: Baseline 2: Visit 10. 6 weeks after Baseline 1 and 4 weeks after Follow up 1

    Verbal Fluency is a normed and standardized task of working memory and word recall. Participant will name as many animals as they can in one minute. Norms for healthy adults is between 18-20 items listed within the one minute timeframe. The number of items listed is the participants raw score. The higher the score, the better the performance. A score considered "no concerns" is >17 items.The minimum score is 0. There is no maximum score as this is a timed measure. There is no subscales for this measure.

    Baseline 2 and Follow up 2 reflect the second intervention in the cross over sequence.

  16. Verbal Fluency: Semantic

    Time frame: Follow up 2: Visit 17. 8 weeks after Baseline 1, 6 weeks after Follow up 1, 2 weeks after Baseline 2

    Verbal Fluency is a normed and standardized task of working memory and word recall. Participant will name as many animals as they can in one minute. Norms for healthy adults is between 18-20 items listed within the one minute timeframe. The number of items listed is the participants raw score. The higher the score, the better the performance. A score considered "no concerns" is >17 items.The minimum score is 0. There is no maximum score as this is a timed measure. There is no subscales for this measure.

    Baseline 2 and Follow up 2 reflect the second intervention in the cross over sequence.

  17. Verbal Fluency: Phonemic

    Time frame: Baseline 1: Visit 2

    Verbal Fluency is a normed and standardized task of working memory and word recall. Participant will name as many words they can that start with either /f/ in one minute. Norms for healthy adults is between 25-35 items listed within the one minute timeframe. The number of items listed is the participants raw score. The higher the score, the better the performance. A score considered "no concerns" is >17. The minimum score is 0. There is no maximum score as this is a timed measure. There is no subscales for this measure.

    Baseline 1 and Follow up 1 refer to the first intervention condition in the cross over sequence.

  18. Verbal Fluency: Phonemic

    Time frame: Follow up 1: Visit 9: 2 weeks after Baseline 1

    Verbal Fluency is a normed and standardized task of working memory and word recall. Participant will name as many words they can that start with either /f/ in one minute. Norms for healthy adults is between 25-35 items listed within the one minute timeframe. The number of items listed is the participants raw score. The higher the score, the better the performance. A score considered "no concerns" is >17. The minimum score is 0. There is no maximum score as this is a timed measure. There is no subscales for this measure.

    Baseline 1 and Follow up 1 refer to the first intervention condition in the cross over sequence.

  19. Verbal Fluency: Phonemic

    Time frame: Baseline 2: Visit 10. 6 weeks after Baseline 1 and 4 weeks after Follow up 1

    Verbal Fluency is a normed and standardized task of working memory and word recall. Participant will name as many words they can that start with either /f/ in one minute. Norms for healthy adults is between 25-35 items listed within the one minute timeframe. The number of items listed is the participants raw score. The higher the score, the better the performance. A score considered "no concerns" is >17.The minimum score is 0. There is no maximum score as this is a timed measure. There is no subscales for this measure.

    Baseline 2 and Follow up 2 reflect the second intervention in the cross over sequence.

  20. Verbal Fluency: Phonemic

    Time frame: Follow up 2: Visit 17. 8 weeks after Baseline 1, 6 weeks after Follow up 1 and 2 weeks after Baseline 2

    Verbal Fluency is a normed and standardized task of working memory and word recall. Participant will name as many words they can that start with either /f/ in one minute. Norms for healthy adults is between 25-35 items listed within the one minute timeframe. The number of items listed is the participants raw score. The higher the score, the better the performance. A score considered "no concerns" is >17. The minimum score is 0. There is no maximum score as this is a timed measure. There is no subscales for this measure.

    Baseline 2 and Follow up 2 reflect the second intervention in the cross over sequence.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Working Memory

    Time frame: Baseline 1: Visit 2

    To measure working memory, the participant will complete the 2 n-back test. The score represents the raw score which is calculated as the total possible minus errors, which is called the accuracy score. The higher the score the better. In healthy adults, the average accuracy score is between 50%-75%. A minium accuracy score is 0 and the maximum score is 100%. There are no subscales in this measure.

    Baseline 1 and Follow up 1 refer to the first intervention condition in the cross over sequence.

  2. Working Memory

    Time frame: Follow up 1: Visit 9: 2 weeks after Baseline 1

    To measure working memory, the participant will complete the 2 n-back test. The score represents the raw score which is calculated as the total possible minus errors, which is called the accuracy score. The higher the score the better. In healthy adults, the average accuracy score is between 50%-75%.A minium accuracy score is 0 and the maximum score is 100%. There are no subscales in this measure.

    Baseline 1 and Follow up 1 refer to the first intervention condition in the cross over sequence.

  3. Working Memory

    Time frame: Baseline 2: Visit 10. 6 weeks after Baseline 1 and 4 weeks after Follow up 1

    To measure working memory, the participant will complete the 2 n-back test. The score represents the raw score which is calculated as the total possible minus errors, which is called the accuracy score. The higher the score the better. In healthy adults, the average accuracy score is between 50%-75%. A minium accuracy score is 0 and the maximum score is 100%. There are no subscales in this measure.

    Baseline 2 and Follow up 2 reflect the second intervention in the cross over sequence.

  4. Working Memory

    Time frame: Follow up 2: Visit 17. 8 weeks after Baseline 1, 6 weeks after Follow up 1 and 2 weeks after Baseline 2

    To measure working memory, the participant will complete the 2 n-back test. The score represents the raw score which is calculated as the total possible minus errors, which is called the accuracy score. The higher the score the better. In healthy adults, the average accuracy score is between 50%-75%. A minium accuracy score is 0 and the maximum score is 100%. There are no subscales in this measure.

    Baseline 2 and Follow up 2 reflect the second intervention in the cross over sequence.

  5. Stroke Aphasia Quality of Life (SA-QOL)

    Time frame: Baseline 1: Visit 2

    Stroke Aphasia Quality of Life (SA-QOL) is a participant perception survey. Response scale between 1 and 5. 1=Total help / couldn't do it at all / strongly agree, 2=a lot of help / a lot of trouble / moderately agree, 3= some help / some trouble / neight agree nor disagree, 4= a little help / a little trouble / moderately disagree or 5= no help needed / no trouble at all / strongly disagree. 3 subscales:

    Physical, the total number of questions is 16, minimum score is 16 and the maximum score is 80.

    Communication, the total number of qustions is 7, minimum score is 7 and maximum score is 35 Psychosocial, the total number of questions is 16, minimum score is 16 and maximum score is 80 Scores from these subscales are totalled and divided by 39 to get the score. Total minimum score is 1 and total maximum score is 5 Baseline 1 and Follow up 1 refer to the first intervention condition in the cross over sequence.

  6. Stroke Aphasia Quality of Life (SA-QOL)

    Time frame: Follow up 1: Visit 9: 2 weeks after Baseline 1

    Stroke Aphasia Quality of Life (SA-QOL) is a participant perception survey. Scale is between 1 and 5. 1=Total help / couldn't do it at all / strongly agree, 2=a lot of help / a lot of trouble / moderately agree, 3= some help / some trouble / neight agree nor disagree, 4= a little help / a little trouble / moderately disagree or 5= no help needed / no trouble at all / strongly disagree. 3 subscales:

    Physical, total number of questions is 16, minimum score is 16 and the maximum score is 80.

    Communication, total number of qustions is 7, minimum score is 7 and maximum score is 35 Psychosocial, the total number of questions is 16, minimum score is 16 and maximum score is 80 Scores from these subscales are totalled and divided by 39 to get the score. Total minimum score is 1 and total maximum score is 5. The higher the score reflect better quality of life.

    Baseline 1 and Follow up 1 refer to the first intervention condition in the cross over sequence.

  7. Stroke Aphasia Quality of Life (SA-QOL)

    Time frame: Baseline 2: Visit 10. 6 weeks after Baseline 1 and 4 weeks after Follow up 1

    Stroke Aphasia Quality of Life (SA-QOL) is a participant perception survey. Response scale is between 1 and 5. 1=Total help / couldn't do it at all / strongly agree, 2=a lot of help / a lot of trouble / moderately agree, 3= some help / some trouble / neight agree nor disagree, 4= a little help / a little trouble / moderately disagree or 5= no help needed / no trouble at all / strongly disagree. There are 3 subscales:

    Physical, total number of questions is 16, minimum score is 16 and the maximum score is 80.

    Communication, the total number of qustions is 7, minimum score is 7 and maximum score is 35 Psychosocial, the total number of questions is 16, minimum score is 16 and maximum score is 80 Scores from these subscales are totalled and divided by 39 to get the score. Total minimum score is 1 and total maximum score is 5. The higher the score reflect better quality of life.

    Baseline 2 and Follow up 2 reflect the second intervention in the cross over sequence.

  8. Stroke Aphasia Quality of Life (SA-QOL)

    Time frame: Follow up 2: Visit 17. 8 weeks after Baseline 1, 6 weeks after Follow up 1, 2 weeks after Baseline 2

    Stroke Aphasia Quality of Life (SA-QOL) is a participant perception survey. Response scale is between 1 and 5. 1=Total help / couldn't do it at all / strongly agree, 2=a lot of help / a lot of trouble / moderately agree, 3= some help / some trouble / neight agree nor disagree, 4= a little help / a little trouble / moderately disagree or 5= no help needed / no trouble at all / strongly disagree. There are 3 subscales:

    Physical, the total number of questions is 16, minimum score is 16 and the maximum score is 80.

    Communication, the total number of qustions is 7, minimum score is 7 and maximum score is 35 Psychosocial, the total number of questions is 16, minimum score is 16 and maximum score is 80 Scores from these subscales are totalled and divided by 39 to get the score. Total minimum score is 1 and total maximum score is 5. The higher the score reflect better quality of life.

    Baseline 2 and Follow up 2 reflect the second intervention in the cross over sequence.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

University of Minnesota

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Combining Cerebellar tDCS and Constraint-induced Language Therapy in Non-fluent Aphasia: a Novel Approach to Target Discourse

Important dates

Study start
2023
Primary completion
2023
Study completion
2023
First posted
Sep 30, 2022
Registry last updated
Dec 9, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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