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NCT Number: NCT07177989

Combined Effects of Alternate Nostril Breathing and Aerobic Interval Training on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Products in Patients With Hypertension

Hypertension (HTN) is the foremost preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality, contributing to over 7 million deaths annually within the nearly 17 million attributed to CVD. Effective management through lifestyle modifications, including aerobic exercises specifically interval training presents a promising avenue for blood pressure regulation by promoting vasodilation and regulating the autonomic nervous system. Likewise, alternate nostril breathing has demonstrated efficacy in lowering blood pressure by optimizing oxygenation and improving endothelial function but their combined effect on BP measures is yet to be determined. Hence this study aims to determine the combined effects of aerobic interval training with and without alternate nostril breathing on blood pressure, rate pressure product and quality of life in patients with hypertension.

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Key information

Conditions

Hypertension (HTN) Cardiovascular Diseases Hypertension Vascular Diseases

Age range

25 year–50 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Foundation University College of Physical Therapy, Islamabad, 44000

Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan

Location status: Recruiting

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Adults aged 25- 50 years -males and females
  • Patients diagnosed with stage 1 hypertension 130 - 139 / 80 - 89 mmHg and stage 2 hypertension, BP level ≥140/90 mmHg. according to AHA/ACC 2017 Guidelines-Individuals who are able to understand and follow the instructions for exercise

Exclusion criteria

  • Diagnosed with any current infections
  • subjects with diagnosed musculoskeletal or neurological conditions which hinder participation in physical activity program
  • Active Smokers
  • Those with any contraindication to exercise testing or training.
  • Pregnant females

Treatment and study plan

experimental group

Other

The interventional group will perform aerobic training (stationary cycling) 3 days a week for 5 weeks, starting with 40-60% heart rate reserve (HRR) for 20-30 minutes, with thein the first week and increasing to 40-85% HRR, maintaining a target heart rate of 40-60% HRR at the lower end and 75-85% HRR at the upper end, following a 1:4 work-to-rest ratio for 30-40 minutes in subsequent weeks, with the warm up of 5 mins before the session and a cool down of 5-7 mins after every seasion. Exercise heart rate will be calculated using the Karvonen formula for the base line week and the following weeks.Following each aerobic session, they'll practice Alternate Nostril Breathing (ANB), beginning with 5 minutes in the first week and progressing to 10 minutes thereafter. ANB involves specific hand positioning and breathing techniques to promote relaxation and balance. All sessions will be supervised by a physiotherapist.

interventional group A

Other

In interventional group 'A' participants will perform aerobic training for 3 days a week for 30-40 minutes a day for 5 consecutive weeks. Exercise heart rate will be calculated using the Karvonen formula. For the first base line week the aerobic session begins with a 5-minute warm-up. The primary cardiovascular component involves using a cycle ergometer (stationary cycling) at an intensity of 40-60% heart rate reserve (HRR) for 20-30 minutes. Finally, the workout will concludes with a cool-down phase lasting 5-7 minutes, allowing the heart rate to gradually return to baseline and preventing post-exercise hypotension. From the second week onwards, the aerobic training session will begin with a 5-minute warm-up to prepare the body and gradually increase heart rate. The main workout involves a cycle ergometer, maintaining a target heart rate of 40-60% HRR at the lower end and 75-85% HRR at the upper end, following a 1:4 work-to-rest ratio for 30-40 minutes. The session ends with a 5-7 min

Primary outcomes

  1. heart rate

    Time frame: 05 weeks

    heart rate will be measured by pulse oximeter

  2. blood pressure

    Time frame: 05 weeks

    it will be measured by pulse oximeter

  3. Rate pressure product

    Time frame: 05 weeks

    it will be evaluated by formula : systolic blood pressure x heart rate resting by using sphygmomanometer

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Sameen Fatima, DPT

CONTACT

[email protected]

03335169660

Zara Khalid, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

03335415822

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Foundation University Islamabad

Other

Registry information

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Sep 17, 2025
Registry last updated
Sep 17, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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