Clinical Study Of Eplerenone In Japanese Patients With Chronic Heart Failure

CV mortality was defined as any death due to HF, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmia, stroke or cerebral vascular accident, other CV cause (such as aneurysm or pulmonary embolism). Hospitalization due to HF was defined as an overnight stay, or longer, in a hospital environment (emergency room, observation unit or in-patient care, or similar facility including admission to a day care facility) due to HF. Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

CV mortality was defined as any death due to HF, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmia, stroke or cerebral vascular accident, other CV cause (such as aneurysm or pulmonary embolism). Hospitalization due to HF was defined as an overnight stay, or longer, in a hospital environment (emergency room, observation unit or in-patient care, or similar facility including admission to a day care facility) due to HF. Addition/ increase of HF medications was defined as administration of new HF medication or increase of 50 percentage (%) or more in dose of HF medication for >= 3 days. Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

All-cause mortality was defined as any CV mortality, Non-CV mortality, including malignant tumor, pulmonary disease and trauma.CV mortality was defined as death due to HF, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmia, stroke or cerebral vascular accident, other CV cause (such as aneurysm or pulmonary embolism). Mortality during treatment, within 30 days of treatment discontinuation and after 30 days of discontinuation was reported. Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

CV mortality was defined as death due to HF, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmia, stroke or cerebral vascular accident, other CV cause (such as aneurysm or pulmonary embolism). Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

All cause hospitalization included all hospitalizations as CV hospitalization, which was defined as any hospitalization due to CV events including HF, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, angina pectoris and non-CV hospitalizations which was defined as any hospitalization due to non-CV events including renal dysfunction, hyperkalaemia, malignant tumor and pulmonary disease. Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

Hospitalization due to HF was defined as an overnight stay, or longer, in a hospital environment (emergency room, observation unit or in-patient care, or similar facility including admission to a day care facility) due to HF. Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

All cause hospitalization included all hospitalizations as CV hospitalization, which was defined as any hospitalization due to CV events including HF, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, angina pectoris and non-CV hospitalizations which was defined as any hospitalization due to non-CV events including renal dysfunction, hyperkalaemia, malignant tumor and pulmonary disease. All-cause mortality was defined as any CV mortality, Non-CV mortality, including malignant tumor, pulmonary disease and trauma.CV mortality was defined as death due to HF, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmia, stroke or cerebral vascular accident, other CV cause (such as aneurysm or pulmonary embolism). Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

HF mortality was defined as any death due to HF. Hospitalization due to HF was defined as an overnight stay, or longer, in a hospital environment (emergency room, observation unit or in-patient care, or similar facility including admission to a day care facility) due to HF. Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

CV hospitalization, which was defined as any hospitalization due to CV events including HF, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, angina pectoris. Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

Addition/ increase of HF medications was defined as administration of new HF medication or increase of 50 percent or more in dose of HF medication for >= 3 days. Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

New onset of atrial fibrillation or flutter was defined as the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation or flutter in a participant after randomization. Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

New onset diabetes mellitus was defined as the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in a participant after randomization. Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

Hospitalization due to worsening renal function (as per physician's decision) was defined as an overnight stay, or longer, in a hospital environment (emergency room, observation unit or in-patient care, or similar facility including admission to a day care facility) due to worsening renal function as the primary reason for hospitalization. Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

Hospitalization due to hyperkalemia (as per physician's decision) was defined as an overnight stay, or longer, in a hospital environment (emergency room, observation unit or in-patient care, or similar facility including admission to a day care facility) due to hyperkalemia as the primary reason for hospitalization. Hazard ratio of Eplerenone versus placebo for first occurrence of the event was obtained from a Cox proportional hazards model.

LVEF was calculated based on end-diastolic volume measured by two-dimensional echocardiography.

NYHA: classified as 'class I' (participants with cardiac disease but without resulting limitations of physical activity), 'class II' (participants with cardiac disease resulting in slight limitation of physical activity), 'class III' (participants with cardiac disease resulting in marked limitation of physical activity), 'class IV' (participants with cardiac disease resulting in inability to carry on any physical activity without discomfort). Participants with change from baseline were classified as 'improved' (positive change), 'no change' or 'worsened' (negative change).

Specific activity scale was estimated by pre-specified questionnaire (for different activities) to assess the exercise capability of the participants. Answers provided by participants were transformed in terms of number of metabolic equivalents (METs).1 MET was defined as the amount of oxygen consumed while sitting at rest and is equal to 3.5 ml oxygen per kg body weight* minute. Scale ranged from 1 (less than (<) 2 METs) = lowest level of exercise tolerance to 6 (>=8METs) = highest level of tolerance and higher score indicated more tolerance.