Clinical & MRI Finding of TMJ Disk Perforation

The retrospective study included patients seeking treatment for TMD at Al-Azhar University Hospital and the outpatient clinic at the Faculty of Dental Medicine of Al-Azahr University. The sample originally included patients who provided consent to participate in this study and who ultimately underwent treatment for TMJD between 2008 and 2019.

Exclusion Inclusion criteria: Patients were included if they were older than 18 years and diagnosed with TMJD. criteria for this study included systemic diseases (the presence of polyarthritis or other rheumatic diseases), contraindications for MRI (e.g., implanted metal or medical devices, claustrophobia), the presence of neurologic disorders, head and neck cancer, oral submucous fibrosis, a history of TMJ surgery, a history of previous nonsurgical treatment such as occlusal splints, and a history of joint injection with HA/PRP. Trauma patients with subcondylar fracture and patients with congenital and developmental disorders of the TMJ were also excluded from the study.

the study included 2 groups group 1: normal TMJ patients group 2: patients with TMJ internal derangement

Inclusion criteria

• patients seeking treatment for TMD at Al-Azhar University Hospital and the outpatient clinic at the Faculty of Dental Medicine of Al-Azahr University.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients were included if they were older than 18 years and diagnosed with TMJD. criteria for this study included systemic diseases (the presence of polyarthritis or other rheumatic diseases), contraindications for MRI (e.g., implanted metal or medical devices, claustrophobia), the presence of neurologic disorders, head and neck cancer, oral submucous fibrosis, a history of TMJ surgery, a history of previous nonsurgical treatment such as occlusal splints, and a history of joint injection with HA/PRP. Trauma patients with subcondylar fracture and patients with congenital and developmental disorders of the TMJ were also excluded from the study.