Clinical and Instrumental Assessment of Meniscal ROOT Tears Treated Through Suture to the Posterior Cruciate Ligament

The 3 Tesla MRI is the diagnostic test of choice used in common clinical practice to evaluate the healing of these lesions at 1 and 2 years of follow-up. The measured parameter is meniscal extrusion. The measurement is taken in millimeters at the coronal sections visualizing the medial collateral ligament, from the capsular margin of the body to the outer profile of the tibial plateau. The "ghost sign" and tibial plateau edema will also be looked for. The main limitation of MRI is related to the fact that it is performed non-weight-bearing, with the patient in a supine position.

Weight-bearing ultrasound is a method not commonly used in clinical practice but extremely useful in evaluating meniscal extrusion under conditions close to physiology. The measurement is performed in a static position with the patient standing upright with full weight-bearing. Once again, meniscal extrusion is measured in millimeters in the coronal sections visualizing the medial collateral ligament, from the capsular margin of the body to the outer profile of the tibial plateau. The strength of this method lies in its ability to replicate the biomechanical stress phenomena affecting the menisci during common daily activities, with the potential to detect lesions that would otherwise remain silent in a non-weight-bearing MRI.

A comprehensive assessment will include palpation to identify classic tender points related to meniscal pathology at the anterior, middle, and posterior joint lines. The presence of pain and the patient's overall health status will then be noted.

The IKDC form evaluates knee function subjectively across three domains: Symptoms (including pain, stiffness, swelling, and locking), Sports and daily activities, and Current knee function compared to before injury. It consists of 10 questions focusing on symptoms, sports participation, daily activity difficulties, and current knee function. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better knee health: excellent (80-100), good (60-80), fair (30-60), and poor (0-30).

It's a validated measurement scale that assesses knee functionality through 8 items, allowing to establish the knee's condition in relation to the functional demands of daily life activities. This assessment tool is used to evaluate surgical outcomes in patients who have undergone knee ligamentous or meniscal injuries. The final score is derived from the sum of various scores obtained across different items, ranging from 0 to 100. Scores are categorized into subgroups: Excellent (95-100); Good (84-94); Fair (65-83); Poor (<64).

It is a quantitative one-dimensional numerical scale for pain assessment with 10 points; the scale requires the patient to select the number that best describes the intensity of their pain from 0 to 10 at that specific moment. 0 indicates no pain, while 10 indicates the worst possible pain.

It allows estimation of the level of motor activity of a subject with a score ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 represents 'disability' and 10 represents 'participation in competitive sports such as national or international-level soccer'. This score is widely used to define the level of motor activity in patients with knee disorders. In the study, the Tegner Score will be completed directly by the investigator through an interview with the patient.