Carotid Doppler and IVC Measurements for Volume Guided Management in Acute Kidney Injury Patients

Acute kidney injury affects increasing numbers of patients worldwide, it was estimated approximately 15% of all subjects treated in hospitals develop Acute kidney injury,even a small increase in serum creatinine may be associated with increased risk of mortality , Oliguric AKI it imposes a great challenge for fluid management.

Recently, ultrasonography for estimating volume status has been widely recommended because of its non-invasive nature, ease of acquisition, and reproducibility of measurements.Among these ultrasound modalities, ultrasonographic assessment of the inferior vena cava & Carotid doppler measurements .

In spontaneously breathing patients, the inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter and the IVC Collapsibility Index (IVC-CI) have been shown to correlate with the volume status and central venous pressure (CVP) . also has been shown to indicate fluid status in children , ventilated patients and healthy volunteers .

corrected Carotid Flow Time (CFT) unaffected by respiration predicting fluid responsiveness that has shown promising results.Studies to date have shown that corrected CFT increases in response to fluid administration or consumption , and decreases in response to volume removal in dialysis and blood donation .

Inclusion criteria

• Patients diagnosed with Acute Kidney Injury
• age must be more than 18 years

Exclusion criteria

• Morbid obesity (BMI >35)
• End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) on dialysis
• Sever ventricular dysfunction, valvular heart disease
• Carotid stenosis >50%
• chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
• Pregnancy & tense ascites