Hyper-CVAD consists of two combinations of drugs (courses A and B) given in an alternating fashion. The term "hyper" refers to the hyperfractionated nature of the chemotherapy, which is given in small doses, more frequently, to minimize side effects. CVAD is the acronym of the drugs in course a: cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin and dexamethasone.
Course A: Cyclophosphamide days 1, 2 and 3. Vincristine days 4 and 11, Doxorubicin day 4, dexamethasone days 1-4 and 11-14, Cytarabine day 7. Mesna is also given orally with cyclophosphamide, to reduce the incidence of haemorrhagic cystitis, a common side effect of cyclophosphamide. Methotrexate, an antimetabolite, may be given when necessary to get chemotherapy past the blood brain barrier.
Course B: Methotrexate Day 1 and Cytarabine Days 2 and 3. Dosage is individualized to the patient.