Bioavailability of Omega-3 Fatty Acids From Fish Oil Supplements

Inclusion criteria

• Apparently healthy adults (18 - 50 yrs);
• Body mass index (BMI) ≥18.5 and ≤30 kg/m2;
• Having veins suitable for blood sampling via a catheter (judged by study nurse/ medical doctor);
• Willing to refrain from fish, fish oil, and products with added omega-3 starting from 2 weeks prior to the first postprandial test day and during the study period;
• Willing to keep a stable dietary pattern throughout the study.

Exclusion criteria

• Having a disease that may interfere with the outcomes of this study, such as a known metabolic, gastrointestinal, inflammatory or chronic disease (such as anaemia, diabetes, hepatitis, hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disease), as judged by the medical investigator.
• Having a history of medical or surgical events that may significantly affect the study outcome, including: inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, ulcers, gastrointestinal or rectal bleeding; major gastrointestinal tract surgery such as gastrectomy, gastroenterostomy, or bowel resection; known or suspected gastrointestinal disorders, colon or GI tract cancer;
• Use of medication that may interfere with the study outcomes, including gastric acid inhibitors, laxatives, and lipid lowering drugs, as judged by the medical supervisor;
• Anaemia (Haemoglobin (Hb) values <7.5 mmol/L for women and <8.5 mmol/L for men), as assessed by finger prick blood during screening visit; NL87485.041.24 Ocean's O3
• Allergic for fish;
• Having swallowing problems with capsules;
• Recent blood donation (<1 month prior to test day 1 of the study) or not willing to stop donation during and 1 month after the study;
• Average alcohol intake >21 (women) or >28 (men) glasses of alcoholic beverages per week;
• Reported to follow or having planned a slimming or medically prescribed diet;
• Use of recreational drugs;
• Current smokers, or stopped smoking in the last 3 months before study start;
• Insufficient proficiency in Dutch to understand information brochure and questionnaires
• Participation in any clinical trial including blood sampling and/or administration of substances up to 30 days before test day 1 of this study and during the study period;
• Being an employee of the department Food, Health & Consumer Research Wageningen Food & Biobased Research.