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NCT Number: NCT06566950

BFR Training on Muscle Morphology

This randomized clinical trial study compares high-load eccentric training (HL-Et), sham LL-BFRt, and low-load blood flow restriction (LL-BFRt) in sportsmen. The primary inquiries it seeks to address are:

Is LL-BFR superior to HL-Et and sham LL-BFRt in terms of improving muscle morphology? Is LL-BFR a more effective Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and ACL injury preventive than HL-Et and sham LL-BFRt?

The three intervention groups that will be randomly assigned to participants are LL-BFRt, sham LL-BFRt, and HL-Et. Participants are expected to carry out:

Participants in LL-BFRt will be required to perform LL eccentric training at 30% of their repetition maximum (RM) and 70% of their artery occlusion pressure (AOP). This training will include stairs, single leg squat, and single leg deadlift.

Participants in HL-Et will be required to perform LL eccentric training at 70% of their maximum number of repetitions (RM).

In order to determine whether muscular morphology and the prevention of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and ACL injury improve following the interventions and follow-up, researchers will compare LL-BFRt, sham LL-BFRt, and HL-Et.

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Key information

Conditions

Blood Flow Restriction Training Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Eccentric Training Joint Diseases Knee Injuries Leg Injuries Muscle Morphology Musculoskeletal Diseases Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Wounds and Injuries

Age range

15 year–35 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Physical therapy laboratory, College of Medicine, Universitas Udayana and ROM Physiotherapy Private Clinic Denpasar

Denpasar, Bali, 80232, Indonesia

Location status: Recruiting

Location contact

I Putu Gde Surya Adhitya, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

+6288975003567

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Being between the ages of 15 and 35
  • Play level 1 sports (fight martial arts, basketball, futsal, and soccer) at least twice a week
  • Never experienced an Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome or ACL injury before
  • Never experienced a grade III sprain or strain
  • Consent to participate in the study until its conclusion and provide informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

  • Having a tumor, cancer, vena thromboembolic disease, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, anemia, and renal failure
  • Disabilities or those who are disabled.

Treatment and study plan

Low load-BFRt

Procedure

The participants' two legs will be subjected to 70% arterial occlusion pressure when the physical therapist applies the BFR cuffs. After that, participants will be required to complete eccentric exercises with a maximum repetition count of 30%, such as stairs, single leg squat, and single leg deadlift.

Sham Low load-BFRt

Procedure

The participants' two legs will be subjected to 10% arterial occlusion pressure when the physical therapist applies the BFR cuffs. After that, participants will be required to complete eccentric exercises with a maximum repetition count of 30%, such as stairs, single leg squat, and single leg deadlift.

High load-Eccentric training

Procedure

The physical therapist will instruct the participants to complete eccentric exercises at a maximum of 70% repetitions, such as stairs, single leg squat, and single leg deadlift.

Primary outcomes

  1. Muscle cross-sectional area

    Time frame: 8 weeks

    Using a musculoskeletal ultrasonography, researchers will determine the cross-sectional area of vastus medial obliques muscle and peroneus longus muscle.

  2. Vastus medial obliques fiber angle

    Time frame: 8 weeks

    Using a musculoskeletal ultrasonography, researchers will determine the vastus medial obliques fiber angle.

  3. Patella position

    Time frame: 8 weeks

    Using a musculoskeletal ultrasonography, researchers will determine the patella position.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Incidence of patellofemoral pain syndrome

    Time frame: 1 year

    Researchers will determine the incidence of patellofemoral pain syndrome with the physical examination of grind test.

  2. Incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury

    Time frame: 1 year

    Researchers will determine the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury with the physical examination of Lachman's test.

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

I Putu Gde Surya Adhitya, PhD

CONTACT

[email protected]

+6288975003567

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Udayana University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Effectiveness of Blood Flow Restriction Training on Muscle Morphology and Prevention of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Important dates

Study start
2024
Primary completion
2024
Study completion
2025
First posted
Aug 22, 2024
Registry last updated
Jun 29, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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