Benfotiamine in Diabetic Nephropathy

There is a worldwide increase in prevalence in type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is being paralleled by an increasing number of patients reaching dialysis because of diabetic nephropathy. Much of the fivefold increase in patients receiving dialysis treatment that occurred over the past two decades is attributable to type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes is now the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), with more than 40% of all new cases of ESRD occurring in patients with diabetes.

Benfotiamine has been shown to reduce diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy in animal experimental models. We hypothesize that benfothiamine supplementation in patients with diabetic nephropathy will ameliorate the effects of both albuminuria/proteinuria and hyperglycaemia on oxidative stress and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) accumulation in renal tissue, and thereby decrease inflammatory responses and fibrotic responses, causing slowing down of progression to ESRD as a consequence.

Intervention:

The intervention duration is 12 weeks for each group.

• Group A: Benfotiamine (300 mg) 3x 1 film coated tablet daily (900 mg daily dose benfotiamine)
• Group B: Placebo 3x 1 film coated tablet daily

Inclusion criteria

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus
• Patients are on treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and/or angiotensin II antagonists (AIIA) in an unchanged dose for at least 3 months
• Active diabetic nephropathy as indicated by presence of microalbuminuria (15-300 mg/24 h urine) in at least two samples within 2-6 weeks in advance of inclusion in the trial
• HbA1c < 8.5%, a higher HbA1c < 9.5% is acceptable if the treating physician and the patient have accepted that striving for lower values is an unreachable goal (patients with high HbA1c values are the ones that one would expect to be benefit most from treatment with benfotiamine)
• eGFR (estimated by MDRD formula) > 30 ml/min
• Males and postmenopausal females
• Written informed consent

Exclusion criteria

• Renal impairment by other causes than diabetes
• Stage of the disease more severe than indicated in Inclusion criteria (macroalbuminuria or renal insufficiency)
• Severe hypoglycemia during the last 3 months, needing help from another person
• Severe hepatopathy (laboratory values about three times higher than normal
• Endocrine disorders, e.g. hyper/hypothyroidism
• Blood pressure > 160/90 mmHg
• Severe cardiac function disturbances and severe heart rhythm disturbances
• Neoplasm's (excluding history of treated skin cancer of the type basal cell carcinoma BCC or squamous cell carcinoma SCC)
• Severe general diseases or mental disorders making the participation in the study impossible
• Drug abuse
• Female patients during pregnancy and lactation period and female patients with active menses during the past year
• Hypersensitivity to benfotiamine
• HbA1c > 9.5%
• Use of thiamine containing supplements during the last 3 months
• Participation in another study within one month before joining the benfotiamine study