Barts Sex-CAD Database - Sex Hormones and Inflammatory Status in Coronary Artery Disease

• The investigators will collect data on sex hormone status (FSH, LH, oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone) of patients admitted to BHC. Data will subsequently be entered into a dedicated secure database by a member of the clinical team. A member of the clinical team will review hormone profiles and, if relevant abnormalities in hormone profiles are detected, appropriate follow up will be arranged for the patient. In addition, the following blood markers will also be extracted from the patients routine admission blood tests: Haemoglobin, white blood cell count, platelet count, haematocrit, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, monocyte count, eosinophil count, coagulation results, d-dimer (if done), sodium, potassium, chloride, urea, creatinine, eGFR, bilirubin, ALT, ALP, protein, albumin, calcium, corrected calcium, phosphate, magnesium, troponin, hs-CRP. These data points will be logged in the secure database.
• We have composed a short questionnaire to examine aspects of patients' history relevant to their sex hormone status. For female patients this includes menstrual history, as well as relevant medications and medical conditions that may influence sex hormone status. For males an abbreviated form of the questionnaire includes relevant medications and medical conditions that my influence sex hormone status. This questionnaire will be delivered retrospectively to patients following their discharge from hospital. Clinical data has been gathered into the BartsREVASC database since 2016 therefore we aim to retrospectively include these patients and contact them via telephone to conduct the questionnaire only. Patients will be identified via the BartsREVASC database, and the electronic patient record and NHS Spine record will be checked to ensure the patient is still living and has appropriate capacity to consent. An text message will be sent to retrospective patients with provides a link to the study information and invitation letter which will advise that they will receive a phone call from a clinical member of the research team to conduct the questionnaire over the telephone. A telephone number for the research team will be provided if they wish to call us sooner at their own convenience to conduct the questionnaire rather than receive a call. We will obtain their verbal consent (which will be documented in a database) prior to proceeding with the questionnaire; data will be directly entered into the secure database. Questionnaires will be administered by a member of the clinical team who will also be responsible for entering the data into the database. In addition, we will consent patients to be contacted regarding future research studies examining sex differences in CAD and inflammation.
• Will seek also written consent from female and male patients prospectively included in this study during their hospital admission to obtain an additional blood test for specialised inflammatory profiling including but not limited to inflammatory cell count, white blood cell activation markers, markers of apoptosis, markers of cell death, inflammatory cytokine levels. These blood samples will be analysed at the William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London using standard laboratory techniques. The investigators will also seek written consent from these patients to take part in the questionnaires outlined above for females and males. The questionnaires will be delivered in person at the time of blood sampling or over the telephone after discharge. In addition, the investigators will consent patients to be contacted regarding future research studies examining sex differences in CAD and inflammation. All data will be added to the secure database.
• In the circumstance where additional blood tests reveal significant results that require action. The investigators will inform the patient and the patients direct care team if applicable (e.g for current inpatients). If necessary, a referral to an appropriate specialist will be done with the patients consent. The investigators will also write to the patients' general practitioner in this circumstance to inform them of the results and action performed or required.
• Novel data held in the secure database will be cross analysed with routine clinical data from the BartsREVASC database, electronic patient record and other relevant databases if required such as the MINOCA database in order to establish relationships,for follow up and MACE outcome data (see below),. Protecting patient's data is important and therefore data will be pseudonymised before being used for research purposes.
• Patients will be followed up at 30 days/1 year/5years using electronic patient records at to determine outcomes including but not limited to medication data, all-cause mortality, readmission rates and further cardiovascular events.

Inclusion criteria

Any patient presenting with chest pain ≥16 years old presenting to Barts Heart Centre will be included.

Exclusion criteria

Patients <16 years old and Adults lacking capacity will be excluded. Patients where the cause of their chest pain presentation is not related to coronary artery disease e.g musculoskeletal chest pain, aortic dissection, gastrointestinal, pulmonary embolism