Autogenous Demineralized Dentin Graft Combined With Injectable PRF + Metronidazole Versus Autogenous Demineralized Dentin Graft Combined With Injectable PRF Versus Autogenous Demineralized Dentin Graft Alone for Alveolar Ridge Preservation

Alveolar ridge preservation is a procedure that attempts to reduce bone dimensional changes that naturally take place following tooth extraction. During the last decade, efforts have been made to confirm procedures that can prevent bone resorption after extraction. The use of bone grafts aim to promote bone healing and assist bone regeneration. Various types of materials are used for socket preservation, such as autogenous bone, allograft bone, xenograft materials, and alloplast materials.

Dentin contains several growth factors, including transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), which could be of pivotal importance during any healing event. Demineralization of dentin has been further proposed to expose its collagen matrix, liberate and fossilized; growth factors and thereby enhance its regenerative capacity.

It has been proven that autogenous demineralized dentin graft is effective at reducing dimensional losses of alveolar sockets after 6 months, with no adverse effects.

The efficacy of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) in promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration is at the center of a recent academic debate. The liquid fibrinogen has been shown to bind particulate bone grafts, which are then called sticky bon. This binding improves the stabilization of the particles in the defect. It adds a potential biological effect, which could accelerate the soft tissue healing process and optimize the handling properties of the granules.

The purpose of this clinical trial is to assess the capacity and the clinical feasibility of the dentin graft processed with injectable platelet rich fibrin (I-PRF) to an adherent, tooth-derived conglomerate for socket preservation. Moreover, Platelet-rich fibrin incorporated with antibiotics showed long-term anti-bacterial effect against F. nucleatum and S. aureus.

Both autogenous demineralized dentin graft combined with injectable PRF (sticky demineralized tooth) and autogenous demineralized dentin graft (ADDG) alone, loaded with metronidazole or not, with or without collagen membrane, have been utilized for alveolar ridge preservation or augmentation but the superiority of one form over the other is not yet clear.

Inclusion criteria

• Non-restorable tooth indicated for extraction in esthetic maxillary zone
• Anterior or premolar teeth
• Apical chronic pathosis
• Motivated patients, agree to sign informed consent and complete the follow-up period
• FMPS of <15% and a FMBS <10%

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnant or lactating females
• Active infection at extraction site
• Smokers
• Systemic conditions affecting healing (e.g. diabetes, Paget disease or hyperthyroidism, medications as bisphosphonates...)