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Completed

NCT Number: NCT07201103

Augmented Reality-Based Exercise Training in Adolescents With Idiopathic Scoliosis

This randomized controlled trial investigates the effects of augmented reality (AR)-based exercise training in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. Participants are randomly assigned to either a control group receiving conventional Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises (PSSE-Schroth) or an intervention group receiving AR-assisted PSSE-Schroth exercises. The primary outcomes include body awareness, trunk appearance perception, and exercise adherence. The study aims to evaluate whether AR-assisted training provides additional benefits over conventional therapy in improving postural control, perception, and compliance in scoliosis management.

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Key information

Conditions

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Bone Diseases Musculoskeletal Diseases Scoliosis Spinal Curvatures Spinal Diseases

Age range

10 year–18 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Hasan Kalyoncu University

Gaziantep, Şahinbey, 27010, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity that may negatively affect posture, body image, and adherence to exercise-based rehabilitation. While Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises (PSSE-Schroth) are widely accepted as a conservative treatment method, adherence and perception-related factors remain challenging.

This study is designed as a parallel-group, randomized controlled trial comparing conventional PSSE-Schroth exercises with AR-assisted PSSE-Schroth training. A total of 30 adolescents diagnosed with AIS were enrolled and randomized into two groups:

Control Group: received supervised PSSE-Schroth exercises.

Intervention Group: received supervised AR-assisted PSSE-Schroth exercises.

The intervention lasted 12 weeks, and participants were evaluated at baseline and post-intervention.

Primary outcome measures include body awareness (Awareness-Body-Chart), trunk appearance perception (Walter Reed Visual Assessment Scale, Spinal Appearance Questionnaire), and exercise adherence (Exercise Adherence Rating Scale).

Secondary outcome measures include Cobb angle, vertebral rotation, pain intensity, and treatment satisfaction.

The study hypothesizes that AR-assisted PSSE-Schroth training will enhance body awareness, improve trunk appearance perception, and increase adherence compared to conventional methods. This research may provide new insights into integrating digital technologies into scoliosis rehabilitation and contribute to developing innovative, patient-centered approaches in physiotherapy.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Adolescents clinically diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS)

Cobb angle between 10° and 30°

Age range: 10-18 years

No history of spinal surgery

Ability to regularly participate in the exercise program

Signed informed consent obtained from both participants and their parents

Exclusion criteria

Diagnosis of neuromuscular, congenital, or secondary scoliosis

Previous history of spinal surgery

Presence of severe cardiovascular, respiratory, or musculoskeletal conditions preventing participation in exercise

Visual, auditory, or perceptual impairments that would hinder participation in augmented reality-based training

Concurrent participation in another physiotherapy or rehabilitation program during the study period

Treatment and study plan

Conventional PSSE-Schroth

Behavioral

Participants performed conventional Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises (PSSE-Schroth) for 4 weeks. The program consisted of one 45-minute supervised session per week complemented by home-based exercises. The exercises focused on posture correction, spinal alignment, and corrective breathing techniques according to standard scoliosis rehabilitation protocols.

Other names: Schroth Method

AR-Assisted PSSE-Schroth

Behavioral

Participants performed Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises (PSSE-Schroth) enhanced with augmented reality (AR) support for 4 weeks. The intervention included one 45-minute supervised session per week, plus home-based exercises. The AR system provided real-time visual and kinesthetic feedback during exercise sessions to improve body awareness, trunk appearance perception, and adherence.

Other names: Augmented Reality Exercise Training

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in Body Awareness (ABC - Vücut Farkındalık Çizelgesi)

    Time frame: Baseline (T0) and 4 weeks after intervention (T4).

    Body awareness will be assessed using the standardized Awareness-Body-Chart (ABC). Participants rate awareness of different body regions, and a total score is calculated. The outcome is the change in total ABC score from baseline (T0) to the end of intervention (T4, 4th week). A higher score indicates greater body awareness.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Hasan Kalyoncu University

Other

Collaborators

  • The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey

Registry information

Official study title

The Effects of Augmented Reality-Based Exercise Training on Body Awareness, Trunk Appearance Perception, and Exercise Adherence in Adolescents With Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Acronym: AR-SCOLIO

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2025
Study completion
2025
First posted
Oct 1, 2025
Registry last updated
Oct 1, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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