Assessing the Genitourinary Microbiome of Women With Overactive Bladder Undergoing Onabotulinum Toxin Type A Intradetrusor Injections

Participants will be recruited from MedStar Urogynecology clinics. English-speaking postmenopausal natal female > 55 years old scheduled to undergo BTX for treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) will be eligible for enrollment.

All subjects will be scheduled to undergo Onabotulinum toxin type A intradetrusor injection for management of OAB. On Day 0, subjects will undergo BTX injection by a licensed clinical provider and receive a one-time dose of Nitrofurantoin for infection prevention per standard clinic protocol. Per standard clinic protocol, all patients undergoing BTX receive a one-time dose of oral nitrofurantoin for infection prevention unless they have allergy/contraindication to nitrofurantoin or they are at high risk of UTI (3 or more culture-proven UTIs in the past year). BTX dose, any prior BTX treatments and time since last BTX injection will be recorded.

Voided urine specimens will be collected at the baseline and follow-up visits. Each subject will be asked to complete one self-collection and one clinic-collection at each time point for a total of four collections over the course of the study

Sample size is 40 subjects in this pilot feasibility study. Subjects will be followed for approximately 1 month after BTX injection. Self-collected and clinic-collected urine specimens will be obtained at baseline and 4 weeks after BTX injection. Subjects will also complete baseline questionnaires and validated patient reported outcome measures at baseline and 4 weeks follow-up. Subjects will be provided reimbursement for parking costs ($17/visit) for the procedure visit and for the follow-up visit. Subjects will be provided a payment of $50 upon completion of the follow-up visit activities.

Inclusion criteria

• Natal female > 55 years old
• English-speaking
• Scheduled to undergo onabotulinum toxin type A for treatment of OAB
• No menses for >1 year if uterus in situ
• Planning one dose nitrofurantoin for antibiotic prophylaxis at time of onabotulinum toxin type A injection per clinic protocol

Exclusion criteria

• Diagnosis of painful bladder syndrome
• Current symptomatic or clinically-suspected UTI within 30 days prior to onabotulinum toxin type A injection procedure*
• Systemic antibiotic exposure within 30 days^
• Prophylactic antibiotic treatment for recurrent UTI within the last 12 months
• Current systemic immunosuppressive therapy (i.e. prednisone or immunomodulators) immunotherapy, chemotherapy or radiation treatment
• Prior pelvic radiation
• Indwelling catheter or intermittent catheterization