Artificially Intelligent Robotic Control

Measured using the Children's Hospital Colorado Inhaler Technique Coaching Tool. The tool uses a 0-10 point scale, where 0 indicates no correct steps and 10 indicates all steps performed correctly. Higher scores indicate better technique.

Medication adherence will be assessed using the Neuro-Quality of Life (QoL) Medication Adherence Short Form 6a, a 6-item patient-reported outcome measure. Scores range from 6-30. Scores are reported as standardized T scores. Higher T scores indicate better medication adherence.

Asthma control will be assessed using the Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) for children 4 to 11 years), a 7-item patient-reported measure. The C-ACT produces a total score ranging from 0 to 27. Item responses are summed with higher scores indicating better asthma control.

Caregiver illness burden will be assessed using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Illness Burden - Short Form 6a, a 6-item patient-reported measure. Scoring ranges from 6-30. Item responses are summed and converted to a standardized T-score (mean = 50, standard deviation = 10) with higher T-scores indicating greater illness burden.

Healthcare utilization will be assessed using the Healthcare Utilization Survey, a 4-item caregiver-reported measure, ranging from 4-20. Healthcare utilization is assessed as the number of times the child has visited a healthcare facility (total number of visits indicated by the caregiver), with higher values indicating higher healthcare utilization.

Pulmonary function will be assessed using Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second/ Forced Vital Capacity (FEV1/FVC) extracted from the electronic health record. This ratio compares the volume of air exhaled in the first second (FEV1) to the total amount of air exhaled (FVC). FVC is interpreted by using a z score or Lower Limit of Normal (LLN) from the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) 2012 reference equations. A score of ≥80% predicted or z-score of-1.64 or higher is considered normal pulmonary function with higher scores indicating higher pulmonary function. A score of <80% predicted or z-score of -1.64 or lower is considered poor pulmonary function.