Arthroscopic Treatment of Acetabular Labral Lesions: Intrarticular Injection of Bone Marrow vs Hip Arthroscopy Alone

Patients with acetabular labral tears will be included in a randomized, single-blind controlled study in which the clinical results of treatment of the tear using arthroscopic surgery with the addition of intra-articular bone marrow infiltration will be evaluated and compared with treatment using arthroscopic surgery alone.

The The investigating physicians who will clinically evaluate the patients at follow-up visits will be blinded (i.e., unaware of the treatment received by the patient). To this end, the medical staff performing the follow-up visits will be different from those performing the surgical and infiltration procedures. Eighty patients will be included in the study. The selected patient will undergo hip arthroscopy to repair the acetabular labral tear. At the same time, half of the patients, based on randomization, will receive an intra-articular injection of autologous bone marrow concentrate. Following the surgical procedure, follow-up visits will be scheduled at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment.

At the 1-month follow-up, an X-ray will be performed to assess the possible formation of heterotopic ossification; at the 12-month follow-up, an MRI will be performed to assess the healing of the acetabular labrum. Both imaging tests will be performed according to normal clinical practice. Questionnaires will be administered and clinical assessments will be performed before treatment and during the aforementioned follow-up visits.

Inclusion criteria

• Male or female patients aged between 18 and 55;
• Pelvic and hip X-ray showing no severe osteoarthritis (defined as advanced osteoarthritis with large osteophytes, chronic fractures or bone remodeling, severe deformity or bone friction, and/or bone-to-bone contact indicative of severe osteoarthritis/complete loss of cartilage);
• MRI of the pelvis showing suspected acetabular labral tear;
• Ability and consent of patients to actively participate in the rehabilitation protocol and clinical follow-up;
• Signature of informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients incapable of understanding and willing;
• Diagnosis of leukemia, known presence of metastatic malignant cells, ongoing or planned chemotherapy;
• Diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, or arthritis resulting from another inflammatory disease; human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, viral hepatitis; chondrocalcinosis;
• Patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus;
• Patients with uncontrolled thyroid metabolic disorders;
• Patients who abuse alcohol, drugs, or medications;
• Body Mass Index > 40;
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding, or intention to become pregnant during the study period.
• Patients with a history of trauma or intra-articular infiltration of therapeutic substances in the 6 months prior to screening.
• Patients who have undergone hip surgery in the previous 12 months.