ARTFL LEFFTDS Longitudinal Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (ALLFTD)

The ARTFL LEFFTDS Longitudinal Frontotemporal Dementia (ALLFTD) study aims to evaluate sporadic (s-) and familial (f-) frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) patients and asymptomatic family members of f-FTLD patients, characterizing the cohorts longitudinally and informing clinical trial design. The study has two arms: a "longitudinal arm" involving a comprehensive assessment of clinical, functional, imaging, and biofluid data collection annually, and a "biofluid-focused arm" involving limited clinical data to accompany biospecimen collection. For more information: https://www.allftd.org/

Longitudinal Arm Inclusion Criteria

Familial FTLD (f-FTLD) participants (either is acceptable):

• members of families in whom at least one member has a known disease-associated mutation in one of the major genes that cause f-FTLD: MAPT, GRN, C9orf72 (or other rare genes)
• an autosomal dominant family history of a FTLD syndrome (without a known gene) verified by medical record review or well-documented family history including family members with a medical history consistent with FTLD or a related disorder.

Sporadic FTLD (s-FTLD) participants:

Sporadic participants should be symptomatic with no known family history nor a genetic mutation indicating f-FTLD. All sporadic participants must have an FTLD syndrome as a referring diagnosis; those determined by ALLFTD clinicians to have non-FTLD diagnoses will be excluded from longitudinal visits, but their baseline visit will be included in comparative datasets. For inclusion in the longitudinal follow-up, participants should meet research criteria for one of the following FTLD syndromes:

• Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)
• Semantic variant Primary Progressive Aphasia (svPPA)
• Nonfluent variant Primary Progressive Aphasia (nfvPPA)
• Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD)/Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS)
• Behavioral variant Frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD)
• Frontotemporal Dementia with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (FTD/ALS)

Biofluid-Focused Arm Inclusion Criteria

Participants enrolled in the biofluid arm may be either f-FTLD or s-FTLD. All general inclusion criteria apply. Participants should meet research criteria (as specified above) for any FTLD syndrome or meet familial FTLD inclusion criteria. Because the biofluid arm participants do not undergo the same detailed clinical and functional assessments required for the longitudinal arm, participants may be included regardless of primary language, as long as an appropriately translated consent is available.

Exclusion criteria

• Known presence of a structural brain lesion (e.g. tumor, cortical infarct) that could reasonably explain symptoms in a symptomatic participant.
• Known presence of an Alzheimer's disease causing mutation in PSEN1, PSEN2 or APP; or biomarker evidence for Alzheimer's disease as a cause of the clinical syndrome.
• A previous history of Korsakoff encephalopathy, severe alcohol dependence (within 5 years of onset of dementia), frequent alcohol or other substance intoxication, or other neurological disorder.
• Evidence through history or laboratory testing of uncorrected B12 deficiency (B12 < 95% of local laboratory's normal value), unregulated hypothyroidism (TSH >150% of normal), HIV positive, renal failure (creatinine > 2), liver failure (ALT or AST > two times normal), respiratory failure that requires supplemental oxygen, large confluent white matter lesions, significant systemic medical illnesses such as deteriorating cardiovascular disease.
• Current medication likely to affect CNS functions in the opinion of the site PI.
• In the site investigator's opinion, the participant cannot complete sufficient key study procedures. The participant may be enrolled into the biofluid-focused arm if they can tolerate a blood draw and short clinical exam, but must be able to complete at least 75% of study procedures for enrollment into the longitudinal arm.